头颈肿瘤术后出院患者身体意象现状及其影响因素研究  

Current status and influencing factors of body images in patients after head and neck tumour surgery

作　　者：曹德冉 卢文红 熊娜 张超[1] Cao Deran;Lu Wenhong;Xiong Na;Zhang Chao(Department of Head and Neck Surgery,Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital,Shandong University,Jinan,250022,China;Department of Head and Neck Radiotherapy,Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital,Shandong University,Jinan,250022,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省耳鼻喉医院山东大学头颈外科,山东济南250022 [2]山东省耳鼻喉医院,山东大学头颈放疗科,山东济南250022

出　　处：《现代临床护理》2022年第11期21-27,共7页Modern Clinical Nursing

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目,项目编号为202014050993。

摘　　要：目的了解头颈肿瘤术后出院患者的身体意象现状并分析其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样方法,选取2021年1月至12月232例头颈肿瘤术后出院的患者为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、身体意象量表(body image scale,BIS)、领悟社会支持量表(perceived social support scale,PSSS)、正负性情绪量表对患者进行问卷调查,采用单因素分析、多元线性回归分析筛选头颈肿瘤术后出院患者身体意象水平的影响因素。结果头颈肿瘤术后出院患者的BIS总分为(10.56±5.56)分,≥10分者145例,占62.5%。PSSS总分为(64.00±10.92)分,处于高社会支持状态。正、负性情绪量表得分分别为(30.50±3.46)分、(23.68±7.73)分。患者BIS总分及各维度得分与PSSS总分和各维度得分、正性情绪均呈显著负相关(均P<0.01),与负性情绪呈显著正相关(P<0.001)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,性别、婚配状态、经济水平(较好和较差)、职业状态(退休和无业)、社会支持、正负性情绪是患者身体意象水平的影响因素(均P<0.05),共同解释患者身体意象水平总变异的67.1%。结论头颈肿瘤术后出院患者的身体意象水平较差,医护人员应对患者的身体意象问题予以重视,积极采取措施改善患者的身体意象水平。Objective To understand the status and factors of body image in patients after head and neck tumour surgery.Methods From January to December 2021,a total of 232 patients who were discharged from hospital after head and neck tumour surgery were selected as the subjects.A general information questionnaire,the body image scale(BIS),the perceived social support scale(PSSS),and the positive and negative affect scale were used for investigation.Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to screen the influencing factors to the level of the body images.Results The BIS score in the patients was(10.56±5.56)points.A total score of≥10 points was found in 145 patients,accounting for 62.5%of total patients.The total score of PSSS was(64.00±10.92)points,indicating a state of high social support.The scores of positive and negative affect scale were(30.50±3.46)points and(23.68±7.73)points,respectively.The total score and the score of the dimensions of BIS were significantly negatively correlated with the total score and each dimension score of PSSS and positive affect(all P<0.01),significantly and positively correlated with negative affect(P<0.001).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender,marriage status,economic level(better and poor),occupational status(retire,unemplyed),social support,and positive and negative mood were the influencing factors of the body images of the patients(all P<0.05),which together explained 67.1%of the total variation of the level in body image.Conclusions The body images in patients after head and neck tumour surgery are at low level.Medical staff should pay attention to address the issues of the body images of patients and actively take measures to improve the level of body images.

关 键 词：头颈肿瘤 出院 身体意象 社会支持 情绪 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学] R473.73[医药卫生—临床医学]