语言演化视角下的象似性与任意性  

Iconicity and Arbitrariness from the Perspective of Language Evolution

作　　者：马军 MA Jun(International Cultural Exchange College,Xinjiang University,Urumqi Xinjiang 830046)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学国际文化交流学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《牡丹江大学学报》2023年第1期1-13,共13页Journal of Mudanjiang University

摘　　要：基于语言演化视角来考察象似性和任意性可以得出以下结论:象似性和任意性都是人类语言的基本特征。作为人类认知水平的反映,它们在不同阶段有各自的优势:象似性在语言初期阶段起重要作用,任意性在语言后期阶段占有优势;任意性是区别人类语言和动物交际方式的设计特征之一,因为任意性突破了象似性的局限,使人类语言的表达更具创造性;从象似性到任意性的演化使语言形成了一个连续统,但象似性仍旧以不同的抽象形式存在于语言之中。By exploring the issues of iconicity and arbitrariness from the perspective of language evolution, the following conclusions could be drawn: first, both iconicity and arbitrariness are the fundamental features of human language. As the reflection of human cognition, they play different roles at different stages, with iconicity being advantageous at the primary stage and arbitrariness dominant at the later one;second, arbitrariness is one of the design features of distinguishing human language from animal communication system, as arbitrariness breaks the limit of iconicity and makes human language more creative;third, a continuum is formed due to the evolution from iconicity to arbitrariness, but iconicity still exists in language with different forms of abstraction.

关 键 词：语言演化 象似性 任意性 

分 类 号：H313[语言文字—英语]