华北地区暖季小时降水量的对比与分析  

Comparison and Analysis of Hourly Precipitation in Warm Season over North China

作　　者：王晴雨 李艳[1] 李国翠[2] WANG Qing-yu;LI Yan;LI Guo-cui(Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster,Ministry of Education,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Shijiazhuang Meteorological Bureau,Shijiazhuang 050081,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室 [2]石家庄市气象局

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2023年第1期1-5,共5页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41775058);石家庄地方财政专项(SJZQXJHT2018-15)。

摘　　要：以中国国家级地面气象站基本气象要素日值数据集(V3.0)为对照,对比分析了中国逐小时融合降水产品CHMPA与CMORPH卫星反演降水产品对华北地区暖季(6~9月)小时降水量时空分布特征的再现能力,进一步研究了华北地区暖季小时降水及日变化特征。研究发现,在2008~2018年间CHMPA和CMORPH的降水时空分布情况与观测情况基本一致,CHMPA对降水的估计整体较观测值偏小,CMORPH较观测值偏大,CHMPA资料空间分辨率高,与实际观测数据差异较小,更有利于强对流天气的诊断分析。华北地区暖季小时降水整体呈现东南多、西北少的特征,常规降水多出现于高原地区,短时强降水多出现于高原和平原之间的丘陵地带及平原地区。华北地区暖季降水存在明显的日变化特征,降水大值中心在午后出现于山区附近,随后逐渐向东南移动,并于夜间在华北平原西部造成大面积降水,次日清晨降水中心到达平原中部,随后降水逐渐减弱。华北地区暖季降水量和降水频次的峰值在高原地区多出现于正午至午后,在平原地区多出现于午夜至凌晨。研究成果可为华北地区的降水预报提供参考。Using the daily meteorological dataset of basic meteorological elements of China National Surface Weather Station(V3.0) as a control, the reproducibility of the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of hourly precipitation in North China during the warm season(June-September) by the China Hourly Merged Precipitation Analysis(CHMPA) and the CPC MORPHing technique(CMORPH) were compared and analyzed. The hourly precipitation and daily variation characteristics of the warm season in North China were further investigated. Results show that the spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation in CHMPA and CMORPH during 2008-2018 is basically consistent with the observation, the estimation of precipitation by CHMPA is generally smaller than the observation, while CMORPH is larger than the observation. The CHMPA data has high spatial resolution and little difference with the actual observation, which is more conducive to the diagnosis analysis of strong convective weather. The overall warm season hourly precipitation in North China is characterized by more precipitation in the southeast and less in the northwest, with normal rain mostly occurring in the plateau area and flash heavy rain mostly occurring in the transition area between the plateau and the plain and the plain area. The warm season precipitation in North China has obvious daily variation characteristics. The large value of precipitation center appears in the afternoon near the mountains, then gradually moves southeast and causes large precipitation in the western part of the North China Plain at night, and the precipitation center reaches the central part of the plain in the early morning of the next day. The precipitation gradually weakened in North China from early morning to noon the next day. The peak of precipitation and precipitation frequency occurs mostly from midday to late afternoon in the plateau area and from midnight to early morning in the plain area. The results provide a theoretical reference for precipitation research and forec

关 键 词：华北地区 小时降水 CHMPA CMORPH 

分 类 号：TV125[水利工程—水文学及水资源] P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]