溢洪道交错式阶梯消能工的消能特性研究  

Study on Energy Dissipation Characteristics of Staggered Stepped Energy Dissipaters in Spillway

作　　者：陈润 李永业[1] 张乐元 田煜 CHEN Run;LI Yong-ye;ZHANG Le-yuan;TIAN Yu(College of Hydro Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;Yuncheng City River and Lake Affairs Management Center,Yuncheng 044099,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院,山西太原030024 [2]运城市河湖务管理中心,山西运城044099

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2023年第1期120-123,72,共5页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51179116)。

摘　　要：为分析不同坡比下交错式阶梯消能工的水力特性,采用数值模拟与模型试验相结合的方法,对比研究了不同流量下1∶2.0、1∶2.5两种坡比交错式阶梯和矩形台阶消能工的流态、流场、压力场及消能特性等。结果表明,交错式阶梯消能工坡比增加,台阶凹槽处形成的三维漩涡尺度增加,水流旋滚剧烈,水深较大;台阶竖直面压强的绝对值较大,负压区范围增加。两种坡比下台阶水平面压强分布相似,均表现为越靠近台阶外沿压强越小。坡比为1∶2.0的阶梯消能工消能率更大,同一坡比消能工的消能率与流量呈非线性关系,流量越大消能率变化越缓慢。交错式阶梯消能工较矩形台阶溢洪道掺气更加充分,消能率更高。研究结果可为交错式阶梯消能工的结构优化提供理论依据。In order to study the hydraulic characteristics of staggered stepped energy dissipaters with different slopes, the flow pattern, flow field, pressure field and energy dissipation characteristics of staggered stepped and rectangular stepped energy dissipaters with slope of 1:2.0 and 1:2.5 under different flow rates were compared and studied by using the method of numerical simulation and model test. The results show that with the increase of the slope of the staggered step dissipator, the three-dimensional vortex scale formed at the step groove increases, the water flow is violent and the water depth is large. The absolute value of the vertical pressure of the step is larger, and the range of negative pressure zone increases. The horizontal pressure distribution of the step under the two slopes is similar, and the closer the step is, the smaller the pressure is. The energy dissipation rate of stepped energy dissipaters with a slope of 1:2.0 is larger. The energy dissipation rate of energy dissipaters with the same slope has a nonlinear relationship with the flow rate. The larger the flow rate is, the slower the energy dissipation rate changes. The staggered stepped energy dissipater is more fully aerated and has higher energy dissipation rate than the rectangular stepped spillway. The conclusions can provide a theoretical basis for the structural optimization of staggered stepped energy dissipater.

关 键 词：阶梯消能工 消能率 消能特性 水力特性 

分 类 号：TV135.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]