儿童期虐待对大学生焦虑抑郁情绪的影响:人格、社会支持和生活事件的中介作用  

The influence of childhood abuse on college students’ anxiety and depression:the mediating effect of personality, social support and life events

作　　者：李娇 周勤 乔娟 朱相华 Li Jiao;Zhou Qin;Qiao Juan;Zhu Xianghua(Treatment Section,Outpatient Department,Xuzhou Oriental People's Hospital,Xuzhou 221004,China;Department of Pediatrics and Juvenile Psychiatry,Xuzhou Oriental People's Hospital,Xuzhou 221004,China;Department of Medical Psychology,Xuzhou Oriental People's Hospital,Xuzhou 221004,China;Institute of Mental Health,Xuzhou Oriental Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University,Xuzhou 221004,China)

机构地区：[1]徐州市东方人民医院门诊部、治疗科,221004 [2]徐州医科大学附属徐州东方医院心理卫生研究所,221004 [3]徐州市东方人民医院儿少精神科,221004 [4]徐州市东方人民医院医学心理科,221004

出　　处：《神经疾病与精神卫生》2022年第12期842-848,共7页Journal of Neuroscience and Mental Health

基　　金：徐州市科技计划项目(KC15SH032);江苏省卫生健康委医学科研面上项目(M2021112)。

摘　　要：目的探讨人格、社会支持和生活事件在儿童期受虐待与大学生焦虑、抑郁情绪之间的中介作用。方法采用整群随机抽样法,以班级为单位选取徐州市3所高校的2420名大学生,使用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、贝克抑郁自评问卷(BDI)、儿童期虐待史自评量表(PRCA)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、青少年生活事件量表(ASLEC)、简式大五人格问卷(NEO-FFI-R)进行评估。采用Pearson相关和多重线性回归分析儿童期受虐待大学生的焦虑、抑郁与人格、社会支持、生活事件、虐待之间的关系,并构建儿童期受虐待大学生焦虑、抑郁形成机制的结构方程模型。共发放问卷2420份,回收有效问卷2374份,有效回收率为98.1%。结果2374名大学生中,有929名(39.1%)在儿童期遭受过虐待。儿童期受虐待大学生的BDI评分、SAS评分与PRCA总分、ASLEC评分、神经质评分呈正相关(r=0.366~0.632,P<0.001),与SSRS总分、外向性评分、开放性评分、友善性评分和谨慎性评分呈负相关(r=-0.440~-0.128,P<0.001)。NEO-FFI-R各分量表评分、SSRS总分、ASLEC评分、PRCA总分两两之间存在相关性(r=-0.515~-0.065、0.220~0.456;P<0.05)。回归分析结果显示,儿童期受虐待对大学生人格、生活事件、社会支持、焦虑、抑郁有直接影响(P<0.05);人格对生活事件、社会支持、焦虑、抑郁有直接影响(P<0.01);社会支持对生活事件有直接影响(P<0.01),对焦虑、抑郁无直接影响;生活事件对焦虑、抑郁有直接影响(P<0.05)。模型的拟合指数中,卡方/自由度为3.361,简约调整适配度指数为0.648、简约调整比较适配指数为0.712、简约调整规准适配指数为0.696;渐进残差均方和平方根为0.049,适配度指数为0.952,调整后适配度指数为0.930;规准适配指数为0.925、相对适配指数为0.900、增量拟合指数为0.946、非规准适配指数为0.928、比较适配指数为0.946,模型适配度良好。结论儿童期受虐待大学生�Objective To explore the mediating effect of personality, social support and life events between childhood abuse and college students’ anxiety and depression. Methods The cluster random sampling method was used to select 2 420 college students from 3 universities in Xuzhou by class. Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS), Beck Depression Inventory(BDI), Personal Report of Childhood Abuse(PRCA), Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS), Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check lis(tASLEC) and NEO Five Factor Inventory Revised( NEO-FFI-R) were applied to evaluate the research subjects. Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the relationship personality, social support, life events and anxiety and depression in college students with childhood abuse history. A structural equation model of the formation mechanism of anxiety and depression in college students with childhood abuse history was constructed. A total of 2 420 questionnaires were distributed, and 2 374 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 98.1%. Results Of the 2 374 college students, 929( 39.1%) had experienced abuse in their childhood. BDI and SAS scores of abused college students in childhood were positively correlated with total PRCA scores, total ASLEC scores, and neuroticism scores( r=0.366 to 0.632, P < 0.001), and negatively correlated with total SSRS scores, extraversion scores, openness scores, friendliness scores, and prudence scores( r=-0.440 to-0.128, P<0.001). The scores of NEO-FFI-R subscales, total SSRS scores, total ASLEC scores, and total PRCA scores were correlated with each other( r=-0.515 to-0.065, 0.220 to 0.456;P<0.05). Regression analysis showed that childhood abuse had a direct impact on college students’ personality, life events, social support, anxiety and depression( P < 0.05). Personality had a direct impact on life events, social support, anxiety and depression( P<0.01). Social support had a direct impact on life events( P<0.01), and no direct effect on anxiety and depressi

关 键 词：焦虑 抑郁 儿童期虐待 人格 社会支持 生活事件 大学生 结构方程模型 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]