温度对中国鲎幼鲎生长、蜕壳、能值、免疫指标和抗氧化能力的影响研究  

Effects of temperature on growth, molting, emergy, immune index and antioxidation of juvenile Chinese horseshoe crab, Tachypleus tridentatus

作　　者：董兰芳[1] 许明珠[1] 李世才 陈瑞芳[1] 龙子扬 林立蔚 DONG Lan-fang;XU Ming-zhu;LI Shi-cai;CHEN Rui-fang;LONG Zi-yang;LIN Li-Wei(Guangxi engineering technology research center of breeding of new mariculture varieties.,Guangxi Institute of Oceanology Co.,Ltd,Beihai 536000,China)

机构地区：[1]广西海洋研究所有限责任公司,广西海水养殖新品种繁育工程技术研究中心,广西北海536000

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2023年第1期104-110,共7页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：广西自然科学基金项目(2018GXNSFBA281071)。

摘　　要：本文研究了温度(29℃、31℃、33℃、35℃和37℃)对中国鲎(Tachypleus tridentatus)幼鲎蜕壳同步性、机体免疫力和抗氧化能力等的影响。研究结果显示:(1)当温度高于33℃时幼鲎的成活率显著降低(P<0.05),蜕壳增重率随温度的升高而显著降低(P<0.05),蜕壳率则随着温度升高呈先显著升高(P<0.05)后显著降低(P<0.05)的趋势,33℃试验组蜕壳率最高;(2)温度较高试验组幼鲎开始蜕壳的时间较早,33℃试验组的幼鲎最先蜕壳;一、二龄幼鲎能值随温度升高而显著降低(P<0.05);(3)37℃高温组一、二幼鲎的ACP活力均显著降低(P<0.05),而AKP活力变化没有明显规律;(4)一龄幼鲎CAT活性随温度升高而显著降低(P<0.05),37℃试验组二龄幼鲎的TAOC和CAT活性均显著低于其他试验组(P<0.05)。研究结果表明,当温度低于33℃时,适当升高温度有利于中国鲎幼鲎的蜕壳与生长;当温度超过33℃时,幼鲎的免疫力、抗氧化能力显著降低,成活率下降。本文的结果可以为中国鲎人工育苗和放流活动开展提供基础依据。The effects of different temperatures(29 ℃, 31 ℃, 33 ℃, 35 ℃ and 37 ℃) on the synchronization of molting, body immunity and oxidation resistance of juvenile Chinese horseshoe crab(Tachypleus tridentatus)were explored. The results showed that:(1) The survival rate decreased significantly when the temperature was higher than 33 ℃(P<0.05). With the increase of temperature, the molting weight gain rate decreased significantly(P<0.05). The molting rate increased significantly at first and then decreased significantly with the increase of temperature(P<0.05), and the 33 ℃ group was the highest.(2) The molting time of higher temperature test groups were earlier, and the 33 ℃ group was the first. The emergy of the two-stage juvenile horseshoe crabs tended to decrease with the increasing temperature.(3) The ACP activity of the horseshoe crabs at 37 ℃ was significantly lower than that of other groups(P<0.05), while the AKP activity had no obvious regularity.(4)With the increasing temperature, the CAT activities of the first-year-old horseshoe crabs significantly decreased. And the T-AOC and CAT activities of the 37 ℃ test group were significantly lower than those of other test groups(P<0.05). The results showed that when the temperature was lower than 33 ℃,raising the temperature properly was conducive to promote the molting and growth of juvenile horseshoe crabs.After exceeding 33 ℃, the immunity and oxidation resistance of juvenile horseshoe crabs decreased significantly, and the survival rate decreased. This study provides a theoretical basis for the artificial breeding and releasing of Chinese horseshoe crab.

关 键 词：温度 中国鲎 蜕壳 能值 免疫酶 抗氧化酶 

分 类 号：Q958.11[生物学—动物学]