松辽盆地梨树断陷下白垩统储层沥青特征及其与油气成因的关系  

Development characteristics of Lower Cretaceous reservoir bitumen and its relationship with oil and gas genesis in the Lishu Rift, Songliao Basin

作　　者：苏圣民 蒋有录[1] 刘玉虎[2] SU Shengmin;JIANG Youlu;LIU Yuhu(School of Earth Science and Technology,China University of Petroleum-East China,Qingdao,Shandong 266580,China;Exploration and Development Research Institute of Sinopec Northeast Oil and Gas Company,Changchun,Jilin 130062,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院,266580 [2]中国石化东北油气分公司勘探开发研究院

出　　处：《天然气工业》2023年第2期44-55,共12页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：中国石化东北油气分公司研究项目“梨树断陷断裂演化特征与油气成藏关系研究”(编号:34500000-21-ZC0607-0009)。

摘　　要：松辽盆地梨树断陷下白垩统储层内发育不同类型沥青,沥青的形成时间及成因尚不明确,沥青发育特征与天然气成因关系密切,研究沥青与油气成因的关系有助于明确下一步天然气勘探方向。为此,综合利用流体包裹体观察及测温、沥青激光拉曼光谱、天然气组分等分析手段,研究不同类型沥青的赋存状态、成熟度、形成时间及成因,并综合判识了该区油气藏类型,明确了沥青发育程度与油气成因的关系。研究结果表明:(1)梨树断陷下白垩统储层内存在碳质沥青和沥青质沥青两类沥青。碳质沥青呈规则状半充填或完全充填于粒间孔内,不具荧光,拉曼光谱可见明显的D峰和G峰;沥青质沥青呈脉状充填于裂缝内或不规则状充填于孔隙内,具棕褐色荧光,拉曼光谱中D峰弱发育或不发育。(2)碳质沥青成熟度较高,为原油在上白垩统嫩江组沉积期裂解形成;沥青质沥青反射率较低,为成藏期油气运移分异形成。(3)研究区油气藏类型多样,后五家户、孤家子和金山等地区以气藏为主,皮家、十屋、四五家和八屋等地区以气藏和无油环凝析气藏为主,苏家屯和秦家屯等地区以带小油环凝析气藏及无油环凝析气藏为主。结论认为,碳质沥青发育程度与天然气成因密切相关,后五家户、孤家子和金山等地区的气藏碳质沥青含量低,为腐殖型干酪根裂解形成的煤型气;皮家、十屋、四五家和八屋等地区的气藏和无油环凝析气藏碳质沥青含量较高,为干酪根裂解和原油裂解混合成因;苏家屯和秦家屯地区带小油环凝析气藏和无油环凝析气藏碳质沥青含量高于0.25%,主要为原油裂解成因。Different types of bitumen are developed in the Lower Cretaceous reservoirs of the Lishu Rift, Songliao Basin. However, its formation time and genesis are not clear, and the relationship between its development characteristics and the genesis of natural gas is close. To strengthen the research on the bitumen and hydrocarbon genesis will help to define the next direction of natural gas exploration.Therefore, by using various geochemical analysis techniques, including fluid inclusion observation and temperature measurement, laser Raman spectroscopy and natural gas composition, the occurrence state, maturity, formation time, and genesis of different types of bitumen are studied, then different types of oil and gas reservoirs in the study area are identified, and the connection between the development degree of bitumen and the hydrocarbon genesis is clarified. The following research results are obtained. First, colloid-asphaltene bitumen and carbonaceous bitumen are developed in the Lower Cretaceous reservoirs of the Lishu Rift. Carbonaceous bitumen exhibits clear D and G peaks in Raman spectra, and is regular and half-filled or fully filled in the intergranular pores, and lacks fluorescence. Colloid-asphaltene bitumen has various occurrence states, such as vein filling in the fractures or irregular filling in the pores, with brown fluorescence, and weak or undeveloped D peak in the Raman spectrum. Second, carbonaceous bitumen was formed by the cracking of crude oil during the deposition of the Upper Cretaceous Nenjiang Formation and has the characteristics of higher maturity. Compared with carbonaceous bitumen, the reflectivity of colloid-asphaltene bitumen is lower, which is mainly formed by oil and gas migration and differentiation during the hydrocarbon accumulation period. Third, there are various types of oil and gas reservoirs in the study area. The Houwujiahu, Gujiazi and Jinshan areas are dominated by gas reservoirs;the Pijia, Shiwu, Siwujia and Bawu areas are dominated by gas reservoirs and condensate gas r

关 键 词：松辽盆地 梨树断陷 下白垩统 沥青类型及成因 拉曼光谱 天然气成因 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]