药用植物黄芩的生物学研究进展及展望  

Research Progress and Prospects of Biological Studies on the Medicinal Plant Scutellaria baicalensis

作　　者：郑敏敏 柳洁 赵清 ZHENG Min-min;LIU Jie;ZHAO Qing(Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden,CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Chenshan Plant Science Research Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources,Shanghai 201602;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049)

机构地区：[1]上海辰山植物园、中国科学院分子植物科学卓越创新中心辰山科学研究中心、上海市资源植物功能基因组学重点实验室,上海201602 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2023年第2期10-23,共14页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31870282);上海市绿化和市容管理局辰山专项(G212401,G192419);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(Y919V11111)。

摘　　要：黄芩为唇形科黄芩属多年生草本植物,在中国具有悠久的药用历史。许多研究表明,黄酮化合物是黄芩的主要活性物质,尤其是根部的黄芩素、汉黄芩素及其苷类,具有抗肿瘤、抗病毒、抗炎、抗氧化、护肝及神经保护等药理活性。本文从化学成分、活性物质的药理、生物技术、组学、代谢生物学和合成生物学研究等方面进行了总结,讨论了黄芩及黄芩属其他植物在现代医学中开发的价值、意义以及存在的问题,以期为其他传统药用植物的开发利用提供借鉴。Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is a perennial herb of Scutellaria L in the Labiaceae,and has been used as medicine for a long history in China.Many studies have shown that flavones are the main bioactive compounds of S.baicalensis,especially baicalein,wogonin and its glycosides in the root,which have anti-tumor,anti-virus,anti-inflammation,anti-oxidation,liver protection and neuroprotection activities.This paper summarized the chemical components,pharmacological mechanisms of active substances,biotechnology,omics,metabolic biology and synthetic biology.Also the paper discussed the potential values,significances and existing issues of S.baicalensis and other plants in Scutellaria genus,aiming to provide reference for the development and utilization of other traditional medicinal plants.

关 键 词：药用植物 黄芩 黄酮 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]