城市生活垃圾灰渣的熔融和黏温特性研究  

Study on fusibility and viscosity-temperature characteristics of municipal solid waste ash

作　　者：洪千惠 刘霞[1] 吴昊[1] 李萌[1] 唐龙飞 陈雪莉[1] HONG Qian-hui;LIU Xia;WU Hao;LI Meng;TANG Long-fei;CHEN Xue-li(Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Coal Gasification,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China)

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学上海煤气化工程技术研究中心,上海200237

出　　处：《燃料化学学报（中英文）》2023年第3期405-414,共10页Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology

基　　金：上海市2020年度“科技创新行动计划”社会发展科技攻关项目(20dz1203300)资助。

摘　　要：城市生活垃圾灰渣的熔融及黏温特性对其固定床熔渣气化炉的优化设计和操作具有重要指导意义。本文分析了上海老港垃圾(LG)和扬州成型垃圾(YZ)的灰成分特征,利用高温热台显微镜、X射线衍射仪(XRD)及FactSage模拟探究了垃圾灰的熔融机制,同时结合高温黏度计、扫描电镜-能谱分析仪(SEM-EDS)和XRD分析晶体矿物质生成对灰渣黏度变化的影响。结果表明,两种生活垃圾灰的硅铝比均较高,但铝钙含量差异较大。YZ灰流动温度比LG灰约高150℃,与LG灰中形成易低温共熔的硅灰石,而YZ灰在高温下仍存在石英及尖晶石有关。两种灰渣的熔融均符合“熔融-溶解”机制,且随温度升高均经历收缩、熔融和扩散过程。两条黏温曲线均呈现玻璃渣的特征,但YZ灰的黏度增长较快,与其降温过程产生长条状钙长石晶体有关。以YZ为气化原料需较高的排渣温度,而LG灰的熔融特性和黏温特性均较好,应用此原料气化炉可操作温度范围大。The fusibility and viscosity-temperature characteristics of municipal solid waste(MSW)ash slag are important to the optimize design and operation of fixed bed slag gasifier.In this paper,the ash composition characteristics of two MSW samples were analyzed,and the melting mechanism of MSW ash was explored by high temperature heating stage microscope(HTSM),X-ray diffraction(XRD)and FactSage.At the same time,the effect of crystal mineral formation on ash viscosity was analyzed by high-temperature viscometer,SEM-EDS and XRD.The results show that the silica to aluminum ratio of MSW ash are both high,but the contents of aluminum and calcium are different.The flow temperature of YZ ash is about 150℃higher than that of LG ash.Low temperature eutectic of wollastonite is the reason for the lower melting point of LG ash,and the existence of quartz and spinel at high temperature leads to a higher melting point of YZ ash.Ash melting behavior of LG and YZ are both"meltdissolution"mechanism,and they both undergo shrinkage,melting and diffusion processes with the increase of temperature.The viscosity-temperature curves of LG and YZ are both glassy slag.However,the viscositytemperature characteristics of YZ ash are relatively poor,which is related to the formation of anorthite during the cooling process.So the application of YZ requires a high slag discharge temperature.LG ash has good fusibility characteristics and viscosity-temperature characteristics,so the gasifier with this material can operate in a wide temperature range.

关 键 词：城市生活垃圾 灰渣 液态排渣 熔融特性 黏温特性 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]