基于动态空间的海岛旅游者行为特征及影响因素研究——以山东养马岛为例  

Research on the Behavioral Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Island Tourists Based on Dynamic Space:A case study of Yangma Island,Shandong Province

作　　者：马鑫涛 胡宇娜[2] MA Xintao;HU Yu'na(Zhixing College,Beijing Normal University,Zhuhai 519087,China;School of Business,Ludong University,Yantai 264025,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学知行书院,珠海519087 [2]鲁东大学商学院,烟台264025

出　　处：《海洋开发与管理》2023年第2期29-38,共10页Ocean Development and Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“海岛型目的地旅游者流动模式与环境约束下的旅游交通体系优化研究:以山东长岛为例”(41901171);山东省社会科学规划项目“基于大数据的长岛内部旅游者流动特征与服务体系优化研究”(19BJCJ07);北京师范大学知行书院2022年度大学生创新创业训练计划重点项目(ZXDC202202)。

摘　　要：在潮汐作用的影响下,旅游者可进行活动的范围、内容和形式不断发生着变化,从而影响其分布、流动等行为活动。文章采用近邻分析、标准差椭圆等地理学方法分析并总结旅游者在海岛型旅游目的地内部的行为规律及其影响因素,对海岛精细化规划、管理和服务具有重要意义。结果表明:旅游者活动集中在沿海区域,呈现出整体分散、局部聚集的分布特征和逆时旋转的流动规律;旅游者行为与动态潮汐之间尚未呈现强相关的变化规律,观光型旅游者在岸活动较多,落(低)潮时段存在旅游者向海移动的趋势;不同类型海岸之间存在吸引力和可进入性门槛等差异,导致旅游者活动数量整体呈现出基岩质>砂砾质>淤泥质的特征;旅游者在时空行为上的相似性和冲突性是导致养马岛生态环境压力过重、旅游业发展不均衡、多元空间关系紧张的重要原因。Under the influence of tidal action,the scope,content and form of activities that tourists can perform on the island are constantly changing,thus affecting their distribution,mobility and other behavioral activities.Geographic methods such as Near Analysis and Standard Deviation Ellipse were used to analyze and summarize the behavioral patterns and influencing factors of tourists in island-based tourist destinations,which are important for island refinement planning,management and services.The results revealed the following:(1)Tourist activities are concentrated in the coastal area,showing the distribution characteristics of overall dispersion and local aggregation and the flow pattern of counterclockwise rotation;(2)A strong correlation between tourist behaviors and dynamic tides has not yet been shown in the change pattern,with more tourist-oriented activities onshore and a trend of tourists moving seaward during low tide hours;(3)Differences such as attractiveness and accessibility thresholds exist between different types of coasts,leading to an overall rocky coast>sandy coast>silty coast characteristic of the number of tourist activities;(4)The similarity and conflicting spatio-temporal behaviors of tourists are important reasons for the excessive ecological and environmental pressure,uneven tourism development,and strained multi-spatial relationships on Yangma Island.

关 键 词：旅游者 海岛型旅游目的地 动态潮汐 海岸类型 行为注记法 

分 类 号：F590[经济管理—旅游管理] K902[经济管理—产业经济] P74[历史地理—人文地理学]