不均匀气隙工况下轴向磁通永磁电动式磁悬浮电机的磁场与力特性分析  

Characteristic and Magnetic Field Analysis of an Axial Flux Permanent Magnets Maglev Motor with Non-Uniform Air Gap

作　　者：秦伟[1,2] 马育华 张洁龙 吕刚 Qin Wei;Ma Yuhua;Zhang Jielong;LüGang(School of Electrical Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044 China;Beijing Rail Transit Electrical Engineering Technology Research Center,Beijing 100044 China;Taiyuan Institute of China Coal Technology and Engineering Group,Taiyuan 030006 China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学电气工程学院,北京100044 [2]北京市轨道交通电气工程技术研究中心,北京100044 [3]中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院有限公司,太原030006

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2023年第4期889-902,共14页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

摘　　要：该文以轴向磁通永磁电动式磁悬浮电机为研究对象,针对其运行过程中存在的气隙不均匀工况,在直角坐标下建立求解该电机磁场和电磁特性的三维解析模型。首先,基于等效电流片模型,推导出轴向磁通Halbach永磁阵列的三维空间磁场分布函数。对该磁场分布函数进行傅里叶级数转换,使Halbach转子三维磁场函数具有形式上连续统一的解析表达式。在此基础上,基于二阶矢量磁位,构建该电机的三维解析模型,推导出悬浮力、水平力和涡流损耗的解析表达式,并通过有限元法验证了解析计算模型的准确性。最后,通过小型样机实验,来验证理论计算的准确性。该文提出的解析模型适用于永磁电动式磁悬浮系统的任意气隙工况,可以作为该系统的一般设计方法。The main disadvantages of the maglev system are the initial construction cost and the maintenance cost caused by the complex guideway compared to the conventional train. To reduce maglev systems costs, many integrated passive guideway designs have been proposed. The electrodynamic wheel(EDW),composed of a permanent magnet(PM) and conductive plate, is a novel low-cost maglev technology. The Axial Flux Permanent Magnets Maglev Motor(AFPMMM), which has more interaction between PMs and conductor plate than the radial topology, is a type of EDW typology. Several studies have been carried out on the electromagnetic characteristics of AFPMMM with a constant airgap between its primary and secondary in recent years. However, AFPMMM should be operated with a non-uniform air-gap to simultaneously create the propulsion, suspension, and guidance forces. Although finite element analysis(FEA) models are often used to analyze the electromagnetic characteristics of AFPMMM, the analytic model is more efficient and more suitable for the initial design. Moreover, 3-D eddy current forces are difficult to be modeled by FEA, particularly when there is more than one mechanical degree of freedom, such as AFPMMM which rotor is simultaneously rotated and translationally. The three-dimensional(3D) analytical model of the magnetic field in an AFPMMM is proposed, and the influence of the structural parameters on electromagnetic characteristics is studied.Firstly, the basic structure and principle of the proposed motor are introduced. Then, the 3D magnetic field distribution function and its Fourier series of the primary based on the integral approach are proposed. Based on second-order vector potential(SOVP), a 3D analytic model of the motor is proposed in the paper. Thus, the expression of the lift force, thrust force, and power losses can be obtained. The calculations of the magnetic field in the air gap, forces, and power losses are conducted by the finite element method and analytical method. The results show that the analytical model in

关 键 词：轴向磁通 不均匀气隙 电磁特性 磁悬浮 解析计算 HALBACH阵列 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机]