我国残奥越野滑雪运动员不同运动应激下的气体代谢特征  

Characteristics of Gas Metabolism under Different Exercise Stress in Chinese Para Cross-Country Skiers

作　　者：吴积艳 孙冬[1] 赵亮 WU Ji-yan;SUN dong;ZHAO Liang(Faculty of Sports Science,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学体育学院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《浙江体育科学》2023年第2期91-97,共7页Zhejiang Sport Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“科技冬奥”重点专项课题(冬残奥运动项目特征和训练关键技术研究及支撑平台构建2018YFF0300601)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨我国残奥越野滑雪运动员不同运动应激状态下的心肺和代谢反应。方法:以8名残奥越野滑雪运动员为研究对象,站姿运动员进行3min与12min最大运动负荷测试,坐姿运动员进行3次间隔1.5min、3min重复最大运动负荷测试,比较不同类型运动员与在运动后恢复2min、5min和10min时心率(Heart Rate,HR)和血乳酸(Blood Lactic Acid,La)清除率等心肺代谢反应。结果:①在越野滑雪站姿测试中,12min测试的最大摄氧量(maximal oxygen consumption,VO 2max)、VO 2max相对值、HR和通气量(Ventilation Rate,VE)的明显高于3min测试,但两种测试方案之间的氧脉搏(Oxygen pulse,O 2pulse)和氧通气当量(ventilatory equivalent for oxygen,VE:VO 2)无显著差异(P>0.05),在残奥越野滑雪坐姿运动员测试中,运动员3次试验之间的心肺代谢反应无显著差异(P>0.05);②残奥越野滑雪站姿与坐姿进行横向对比时,残奥越野滑雪站姿运动员的VO 2max比坐姿运动员具有显著差异(P<0.05),而越野滑雪坐姿运动员的心肺代谢效率显著低于越野滑雪站姿运动员((P<0.05);③恢复期内10min内的HR与VO 2max显著相关,而恢复期间La清除率和VO 2max之间的无显著相关性。结论:我国残奥越野滑雪站姿运动员比坐姿运动员具有更高的心肺代谢能力,并且残奥越野滑雪运动员的心率恢复速度与自身的心肺代谢能力相关性较强,而La清除率则与心肺代谢能力相关性较弱。Objective:To investigate the cardiopulmonary and metabolic responses of Chinese Para cross-country skiers.Methods:Eight Para cross-country skiers were selected as the research subjects.The maximum exercise load test was performed for 3 minutes and 12 minutes for standing athletes,and the maximum exercise load test was repeated for 3 times with interval of 1.5 minutes and 3 minutes for sitting athletes.The cardiopulmonary metabolic responses,such as HR and La clearance,were compared with those of athletes with different disabilities after 2 minutes,5 minutes and 10 minutes of recovery.Results:①In the standing posture test of cross-country skiing,the VO 2max,VO 2max relative value,HR and VE values of 12-minute test were significantly higher than those of 3minute test,but the O 2pulse and VE:VO 2 there was no significant difference(P>0.05),in the para cross-country skiing posture in the test of the athlete's,the athletes cardiopulmonary metabolic reactions between three trial there was no significant difference(P>0.05);②When the horizontal comparison was made between the Para cross-country skiing standing posture and sitting posture,the VO 2max of the Para cross-country skiing standing posture athletes was significantly different from that of the sitting posture athletes(P<0.05),while the cardiopulmonary metabolic efficiency of the sitting posture athletes was significantly lower than that of the standing posture athletes(P<0.05);③The HR within 10 minutes of recovery was significantly correlated with VO2max,but there was no significant correlation between La clearance and VO 2max during recovery.Conclusions:Standing athletes have higher cardiopulmonary metabolism ability than sitting athletes,and the recovery heart rate of Para cross-country skiing has a positive correlation with their own cardiopulmonary metabolism function,while La clearance rate has no correlation with cardiopulmonary metabolism.

关 键 词：残奥越野滑雪运动员 气体代谢 心率 血乳酸 

分 类 号：G804.22[文化科学—运动人体科学]