不同遮荫处理下外源蔗糖对大豆叶片光合特性及物质积累与产量形成的影响  

Effects of Exogenous Sucrose on Photosynthetic Characteristics,Substance Accumulation and Yield Formation of Soybean Leaves under Different Shade Treatments

作　　者：吴倩 罗霄 陈昭 杨潇垒 罗凯 雍太文[1] WU Qian;LUO Xiao;CHEN Zhao;YANG Xiaolei;LUO Kai;YONG Taiwen(College of Agronomy,Sichuan Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology,Ecology and Farming in Southwest China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Compound Planting,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学农学院/农业农村部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室/四川省作物带状复合种植工程技术研究中心,成都611130

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2023年第1期21-27,82,共8页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：四川省科技计划(2021NZZJ0015);四川农业大学科研兴趣计划(2022579)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究不同遮荫处理下外源蔗糖对大豆叶片光合特性及物质积累与产量形成的影响。【方法】试验采用二因素裂区试验设计,以耐荫型大豆‘南豆25’为材料,主因素为遮荫时期:第3节期(V3)到初花期遮荫处理(VS)、初花期到成熟期遮荫处理(RS)、不遮荫处理(NS),副因素为外源蔗糖浓度:0%(CK)、1.0%(S1)、1.5%(S2),从第3节期至5节期(V5),每间隔1 d将蔗糖喷施于大豆叶片两侧。【结果】S2显著提升VS的上、中层叶片叶绿素含量,分别较CK提高10.41%、7.80%,显著增加NS上、中层的干物质,分别较CK提高40.00%、33.52%。S2处理能提升前期遮荫处理上层叶片光合速率,较CK提高13.30%。S2使VS、RS和NS处理下的产量较CK分别提高5.98%、44.82%和13.10%。S1增加前期遮荫处理中、下层叶片光合速率,较CK分别提高17.34%、9.29%。【结论】不同遮荫处理下的单株荚数、单株粒数和产量均下降。外源蔗糖通过提高大豆叶片叶绿素含量,增大叶面积,提高其光合速率,缓解遮荫带来的弱光胁迫,改善光合特性,进而得到增产,且以S2浓度处理最佳。【Objective】To investigate the effects of exogenous sucrose on photosynthetic characteristics,substance accumulation and yield formation of soybean leaves under different shade treatments.【Method】The experimental design of two-factor split-plot was adopted,using shade-tolerant soybean′Nandou 25′as the material,the main factors were the shading period:the third section to the first flowering stage shading treatment(VS),the initial flowering to the mature stage shading treatment(RS),the non-shade treatment(NS),the secondary factors were exogenous sucrose concentration:0%(CK),1.0%(S1)and 1.5%(S2),from 3 nodes(V3)to 5 nodes(V5),sucrose was sprayed on both sides of soybean leaves every day.【Result】S2 significantly increased the chlorophyll content of upper and middle leaves of VS by 10.41%and 7.80%,and significantly increased the dry matter of upper and middle NS layers by 40.00%and 33.52%,respectively.S2 treatment can increase the photosynthetic rate of upper leaves in the early shade treatment,which is 13.30%higher than CK.S2 increased the yield of VS,RS and NS by 5.98%,44.82%and 13.10%respectively compared with CK.S1 increased the photosynthetic rate of the middle and lower leaves in the early shade treatment,which increased by 17.34%and 9.29%,respectively,compared with CK.【Conclusion】Exogenous sucrose can increase the chlorophyll content of soybean leaves,increase the leaf area,increase its photosynthetic rate,alleviate the weak light stress caused by shading,and improve the photosynthetic characteristics,so as to increase the yield,and the treatment with S2 concentration is the best.

关 键 词：遮荫 外源蔗糖 光合特性 产量形成 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]