不同生物炭施入对酸性紫色土有机碳矿化特征的影响  

Effects of Different Biochars Application on Mineralization Characteristics of Organic Carbon in Acidic Purple Soil

作　　者：汤奥涵 肖怡 鲜昕 金芮民 龙思帆 陈玉蓝[3] 李冰 王昌全 TANG Aohan;XIAO Yi;XIAN Xin;JIN Ruimin;LONG Sifan;CHEN Yulan;LI Bing;WANG Changquan(College of Resources Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Sichuan Academy of Forestry Sciences,Chengdu 610081,China;Sichuan Liangshan Prefectural Tobacco Company,Xichang 615000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学资源学院,成都611130 [2]四川省林业科学研究院,成都610081 [3]四川省烟草公司凉山州公司,四川西昌615000

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2023年第1期111-118,共8页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：四川科技计划重点研发项目(2021YFN0127);四川省烟草公司重点科技项目(SCYC201803、SCYC202004)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究不同生物质来源制备的生物炭材料对酸性紫色土有机碳矿化的影响,为生物炭的合理利用提供科学依据。【方法】选取玉米秸秆、鸡蛋壳和紫茎泽兰为原料制备生物炭,分析不同生物炭理化特性差异,通过室内恒温培养试验研究生物炭施入对酸性紫色土有机碳矿化量、矿化速率、激发效应及CO_(2)释放等的影响。【结果】紫茎泽兰、玉米秸秆生物炭比表面积、孔隙度大于鸡蛋壳生物炭;鸡蛋壳生物炭C、H含量最低,C/H含量占比最高,达到79.33%,稳定态碳含量占比最大,可达86.03%。生物炭施入均能增加土壤总有机碳含量,且其增幅随培养时间延长呈下降趋势;生物炭施入促进了土壤呼吸,产生正激发效应,但有机碳矿化率增幅随培养时间延长而下降,最终降至25 mg/(kg·d)左右,以鸡蛋壳生物炭处理的土壤有机碳矿化速率下降趋势尤为明显。【结论】添加玉米秸秆和紫茎泽兰生物炭后,土壤总有机碳增幅远大于鸡蛋壳生物炭处理,固碳作用强;添加鸡蛋壳生物炭后,土壤有机碳矿化速率最大,土壤碳库稳定作用弱,相较于秸秆类(玉米秸秆和紫茎泽兰)生物炭处理,不利于固碳减排。【Objective】The current study aimed to explore the effects of biochar materials prepared from different biomass sources on the mineralization of organic carbon in acidic purple soil,and to provide a scientific basis for the rational utilization of biochar.【Method】The biochars were prepared by corn stalks,eggshells and adenophorum,and the biochar physicochemical properties were analyzed.The effects of different sources of biochars on the organic carbon mineralization,mineralization rate,excitation effect and CO_(2) release in acid purple soil were studied by indoor constant temperature cultivation experiments.【Result】The specific surface area and porosity in adenophorum biochar and corn stalk biochar were larger than those in eggshell biochar.The carbon(C)and hydrogen(H)contents of eggshell biochar were the lowest.The C/H content of eggshell biochar was the highest,reaching for 79.33%.The stable carbon content accounted for 86.03%in eggshell biochar.All biochar applications increased the total soil organic carbon content,and the increasing curve showed a downward trend within the cultivation time extension.The application of biochar promoted soil respiration and produced a positive excitation effect.The increasing curve of the organic carbon mineralization was declined during the cultivation time and dropped to about 25 mg/kg,eventually.The decrease in soil organic carbon mineralization rate was particularly obvious in the eggshell biochar treatment.【Conclusion】After the application of corn stalks biochar and adenophorum biochar,the increase of soil′s total organic carbon increase was much greater than that of eggshell biochar treatment,and the carbon sequestration effect was stronger.The soil organic carbon mineralization rate was highest after the eggshell biochar application,and the soil carbon stabilization pool was weak.Compared with the straw biochar(corn stalk biochar and echinacea biochar),the eggshell biochar application was not suitable for carbon sequestration and emission reduction.

关 键 词：酸性紫色土 生物炭 有机碳矿化 激发效应 固碳减排 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]