山东某高校大学生未接种新冠病毒疫苗原因及接种意愿的影响因素分析  

Analysis on reasons for not being vaccinated against the COVID-19 vaccine among students in a university and influencing factors of vaccination willingness in Shandong province

作　　者：谢萌 李媛媛[2] 吕东 冯蕾[1] 王素婷[1] 孙大鹏[1] 熊萍[1] 刘晓冬[1] 刘尧[1] 张丽[1] XIE Meng;LI Yuan-yuan;LV Dong;FENG Lei;WANG Su-ting;SUN Da-peng;XIONG Ping;LIU Xiao-dong;LIU Yao;ZHANG Li(Immunization Prevention Management Institute,Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jinan,Shandong 250014,China;Shandong Normal University)

机构地区：[1]山东省疾病预防控制中心免疫预防管理所,山东济南250014 [2]山东师范大学

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2023年第1期11-14,共4页Preventive Medicine Tribune

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(202012051251)。

摘　　要：目的 分析山东某高校大学生未接种新冠病毒疫苗的原因及影响今后接种意愿的因素。方法 选择2021年4月17日-23日山东某高校不同学科未接种新冠病毒疫苗的大学生进行在线问卷调查,分析未接种新冠病毒疫苗的原因,采用χ^(2)检验和logistic回归分析影响大学生今后接种意愿的因素。结果 共纳入2 450名未接种新冠病毒疫苗的大学生,其中2 226人(90.86%)表示今后愿意接种。由于客观条件不满足(如有接种禁忌证、与工作学习冲突等)而未接种的占72.29%(1 771/2 450);由于主观犹豫未接种的占27.71%(679/2 450)。年级较高、文理科、认为接种新冠病毒疫苗有防护效果、对新冠病毒和新冠病毒疫苗认知得分2分以上者的接种意愿较高(P<0.01)。logistic回归结果显示,相较于大一新生,大三以上的大学生接种疫苗意愿更高(OR大三=1.65,P=0.006;OR大四=3.895,P<0.01;OR研究生=4.491,P=0.002);认为新冠病毒疫苗有防护效果的大学生接种意愿更高(OR=7.703,P<0.01)。结论 大学生未接种新冠病毒疫苗的原因主要是存在接种禁忌证和担心新冠病毒疫苗的安全性,但是今后接种意愿率较高。Objective To analyze the reasons why college students in a university in Shandong province did not receive the COVID-19 vaccine and the factors affecting their willingness to receive it in the future. Methods From April 17 to 23,2021,college students in different disciplines from a university in Shandong province were selected to conduct online questionnaire survey, and the reasons for not vaccinating COVID-19 vaccine were analyzed.The χ~2 test and logistic regression were used to analyze the factors influencing college students’ future vaccination willingness. Results Of 2 450 subjects, 2 226(90.86%) were willing to receive COVID-19 vaccine.72.29%(1 771/2 450) did not vaccinate due to objective conditions(such as contraindications of vaccination and conflict with work and study);27.71%(679/2 450) were not vaccinated due to subjective hesitation.Those who were from higher grade, majoring in arts and science, considered that vaccination with COVID-19 vaccine had protective effect, and had vaccine cognition score of more than 2 points for COVID-19 and COVID-19 had higher willingness to receive vaccine(P<0.01).The results of the logistic regression showed that college students who were juniors or older had a higher willingness to get vaccinated compared to freshmen(ORgrade 3=1.650,P=0.006;ORgrade 4=3.895,P<0.01;ORpost-graduate=4.491,P=0.002).Higher willingness to vaccinate among college students who believe the COVID-19 vaccine was protective(OR=7.703,P<0.01). Conclusion The main reasons for college students not receiving COVID-19 vaccine are vaccination taboos and concerns about the safety of COVID-19 vaccine.However, the vaccination willingness rate is higher in the future.

关 键 词：新冠病毒疫苗 大学生 接种意愿 影响因素 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学] R183.3[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]