流体拓扑优化的方法及应用综述  

A Review of Methods and Applications for Fluid Topology Optimization

作　　者：王定标[1,2] 王帅 张浩然[1,2] 吴淇涛 杨崇瑞[1,2] 王光辉 WANG Dingbiao;WANG Shuai;ZHANG Haoran;WU Qitao;YANG Chongrui;WANG Guanghui(School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Henan International Joint Laboratory of New Energy Clean Utilization Technology and Energy Saving Equipment,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学机械与动力工程学院,河南郑州450001 [2]新能源清洁利用技术与节能装备河南省国际联合实验室,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《郑州大学学报（工学版）》2023年第2期1-13,共13页Journal of Zhengzhou University（Engineering Science）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21576245,52206120);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2022M712855)。

摘　　要：流体拓扑优化是一项突破性技术,在航空航天、汽车、电子芯片等领域均有广泛的应用前景,然而其所设计出的复杂结构难以通过传统制造技术加工成型等因素制约了它的推广应用。增材制造(3D打印)技术的发展为进一步拓展流体拓扑优化的应用和研究提供了有效途径,对实现相关工业装备的结构轻量化、动力学优化、安全性优化以及性能提升,落实国家“节能降耗、碳达峰碳中和”战略具有重要意义。借助文献计量工具VOSviewer对Web of Science数据库中流体拓扑优化相关文献进行了梳理和总结,全面系统阐述了流体拓扑优化的理论体系、求解方法、优化方法以及工程应用,并对相关问题进行了探讨。首先,与固体拓扑优化相比,流体拓扑优化涉及领域更广、流态特征更多样、数学模型更复杂,因而求解更困难、计算时间更长、计算资源需求更大,这是制约流体拓扑优化工程应用的主要因素。其次,较系统阐述了流体拓扑优化的3个环节和关键技术:拓扑设计变量表述方法、CFD模型及求解方法、拓扑优化模型及求解方法,并分析了现有技术的特点和应用场景,同时,对流体拓扑优化的电子芯片热沉、飞机汽车、换热器等几个应用场景进行了简述。最后,对流体拓扑优化的发展趋势进行了预测和总结,建议进一步加大湍流、共轭传热、流-固-热耦合、流-固-热-质耦合等方面的多学科拓扑优化研究;拓展基于多目标函数的拓扑优化研究;进一步加强与人工智能的深度结合,开发更加稳健成熟的智能CFD求解器、智能优化求解器以及智能流体拓扑优化软件。Fluid topology optimization is a breakthrough technology, which has broad application prospects in aerospace, automotive, electronic chips and other fields, however, the design of complex structure is difficult to process through the traditional manufacturing technology. With the development of additive manufacturing(3D printing) technology, it could provide an effective way to further expand the application and research of fluid topology optimization, which would of great significance for realizing the structural lightweight, dynamic optimization, safety optimization and performance improvement of related industrial equipment, and implementing the national strategy of “energy conservation and consumption reduction, carbon peak and carbon neutralization”. With the help of the literature metrology tool VOSviewer, were classified and summarized the literature related to fluid topology optimization in the Web of Science database were classified, comprehensively and the theoretical system, solution methods, optimization methods, and engineering applications of fluid topology optimization were expounded systematically, and the related problems were discussed. First of all, compared with solid topology optimization, fluid topology optimization involved more fields, more diverse flow regime characteristics, and more complex mathematical models, so it was more difficult to solve, took longer to calculate, and required more computing resources, which was the main factor restricting the engineering application of fluid topology optimization. Secondly, the three links and key technologies of fluid topology optimization were systematically described: representation method of design variable, CFD model and solution method, topology optimization model and solution method, and the characteristics and application scenarios of existing technologies were analyzed. At the same time, several application scenarios of fluid topology optimization, such as electronic chip heat sink, aircraft, automobile and heat exchanger, were brie

关 键 词：拓扑优化 流动与传热 拓扑设计变量 CFD求解器 优化求解器 人工智能 结构优化 

分 类 号：O368[理学—流体力学] TP391.7[理学—力学] TK124[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]