基于加权信息量和GIS方法的地质灾害易发性评价——以榆社县为例  

Susceptibility Evaluation of Geological Disaster Based on Weighted Information and GIS Method: A Case Study of Yushe County

作　　者：杨锐[1,2] 于春勇 汪洋 YANG Rui;YU Chunyong;WANG Yang(Airport Department,Civil Aviation Flight University of China,Guanghan,Sichuan 618307,China;The Second Comprehensive Geophysical Survey,Shannxi Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710016,China;Hydrogeology Bureau of China National Administration of Coal Geology,Handan,Hebei 130400,China;Hebei Geo-environment Monitoring Institute,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050022,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民用航空飞行学院机场学院,四川广汉市618307 [2]陕西省地质矿产勘查开发局第二综合物探大队,陕西西安710016 [3]中国煤炭地质总局水文地质局,河北邯郸市130400 [4]河北省地质环境监测院,河北石家庄050022

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2023年第2期163-170,共8页Mining Research and Development

基　　金：中国民用航空飞行学院面上项目(J2021-131)。

摘　　要：榆社县地处太行山西麓,区内发育有崩塌、滑坡、泥石流等地质灾害,基于GIS和加权信息量评价模型,根据研究区内地质灾害发育特征,采用聚类分析方法选取坡度、坡高、距断层距离、工程地质岩组、距道路和居民点距离5个影响因素作为评价指标,通过加权信息量法对榆社县境内的地质灾害进行易发性评价。结果显示:研究区地质灾害易发性可划分为极高、高、中、低4个级别,极高易发区主要分布在浊漳河及其主要支流河谷及两侧丘陵区,面积约138.28 km^(2),占全区面积的8.18%;高易发区主要分布在低山丘陵区,面积约427.15 km^(2),占全区面积的25.27%;中易发区主要分布在低山丘陵区,面积约628.22 km^(2),占全区面积的37.16%;低易发区主要分布在基岩中低山区,面积约497.00 km^(2),占全区面积的29.40%。地质灾害易发性评价结果为榆社县地质灾害防治、国土空间规划等提供了科学依据。Yushe County is located in the Western foot of Taihang Mountain and has developed geological disaster such as collapse, landslide and debris flow. Based on GIS and weighted information evaluation model, according to the development characteristics of geological disaster in the study area, five influencing factors such as slope, slope height, distance from fault, engineering geological petrofabric, distance from road and residential area were selected as evaluation indexes by cluster analysis method, and the susceptibility of geological disaster in Yushe County was evaluated by weighted information method. The results show that the susceptibility of geological disaster in the study area can be divided into four levels: extremely high, high, medium and low. The extremely high susceptibility areas are mainly distributed in the river valleys of Zhuozhang River and its main tributaries and the hilly areas on both sides, with an area of about 138.28 km^(2), accounting for 8.18% of the area of the total area. High susceptibility areas are mainly distributed in low mountain and hilly areas, with an area of about 427.15 km^(2), accounting for 25.27% of the area of the total area. Medium susceptibility areas are mainly distributed in low mountain and hilly areas, with an area of about 628.22 km^(2), accounting for 37.16% of the area of the total area. Low susceptibility areas are mainly distributed in the low and medium mountain areas of bedrock in Yushe County, with an area of about 497.00 km^(2), accounting for 29.40% of the area of the total area. The ROC curve is used to verify the evaluation model of geological hazard susceptibility. The AUC value is 0.795 and the evaluation accuracy is good. The evaluation results of geological disaster susceptibility provide a scientific basis for geological disaster prevention and control and land spatial planning in Yushe County.

关 键 词：地质灾害 评价指标 聚类分析 加权信息量 易发性评价 

分 类 号：P694[天文地球—地质学]