浙江地方芥菜种质资源表型鉴定及遗传多样性分析  

Phenotype Identification and Genetic Diversity Analysis of Mustard Local Germplasm Resources in Zhejiang

作　　者：胡齐赞[1] 乔舒婷 董文其[1] 何圣米[1] 孙玉燕[1] Hu Qizan;Qiao Shuting;Dong Wenqi;He Shengmi;Sun Yuyan(Institute of Vegetables,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou,310021;College of Agronomy,Shihezi University,Shihezi,832003)

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,杭州310021 [2]石河子大学农学院,石河子832003

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2023年第4期1339-1354,共16页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：浙江省第三次全国农作物种质资源普查与收集行动项目(111821301354052030)资助。

摘　　要：芥菜隶属十字花科芸薹属,是中国重要的特色蔬菜作物。对芥菜种质资源进行表型鉴定及遗传多样性分析对于其重要农艺性状表型数据获得、遗传背景明确及优质种质发掘具有重要意义。本研究针对“浙江省第三次全国农作物种质资源普查与收集行动”所收集到的85份芥菜地方种质资源进行田间表型鉴定,调查了13个数量性状和20个质量性状,发现该批种质具有丰富的表型变异,数量性状的变异系数为6.27%~33.56%,遗传多样性指数为0.95~2.08;质量性状的变异系数为0%~368.63%,遗传多样性指数为0~1.66。基于表型数据进行聚类分析,将该批种质分为2大类群(Ⅰ叶用芥菜;Ⅱ根用芥菜和茎用芥菜),其中Ⅰ类群下分3个亚群,Ⅱ类群下分2个亚群。利用SSR分子标记进行遗传多样性分析,同样将该批种质分为2大类群(Ⅰ叶用芥菜和茎用芥菜;Ⅱ根用芥菜)。将两种聚类方法进行比较,发现二者存在较大差异,基于分子标记的类群划分在一定程度上与地域分布有关。本研究丰富了芥菜的遗传基础,为优异芥菜地方种质资源挖掘及开发利用提供了参考和依据。Mustard(Brassica juncea)belongs to Brassica of Cruciferae,is an important characteristic vegetable crop in China.Phenotype identification and genetic diversity analysis of mustard germplasm resources are of great significance for obtaining phenotypic data of important agronomic traits,clarifying genetic background and exploiting excellent germplasms.In this study,the field phenotypes of 85 mustard local germplasm resources collected by’The Zhejiang Team of the Third Nation-wide Survey and Collection of Agricultural Crop Germplasm Resources Project’’were identified.A total of 13 quantitative traits and 20 quality traits were surveyed and the results indicated that phenotypic variation of these germplasm resources were abundant.The variation coefficients were 6.27%~33.56%and the genetic diversity indexs were 0.95~2.08 for quantitative traits,moreover,the variation coefficients were 0%~368.63%and the genetic diversity indexs were 0~1.66 for quality traits.Cluster analysis based on phenotypic data showed that these germplasm resources were divided into two groups(Ⅰleaf mustard;Ⅱroot mustard and stem mustard),withⅠdividing into three sub-groups andⅡdividing into two sub-groups.SSR markers were used for genetic diversity analysis,and these germplasm resources were also divided into two groups(Ⅰleaf mustard and stem mustard;Ⅱroot mustard).Significant differences existed by comparing these two clustering methods and cluster based on molecular markers was related to regional distribution in a certain degree.These results enriched the genetic basis of mustard,and provided reference and basis for exploitation and utilization of excellent mustard local germplasm resources.

关 键 词：芥菜 种质资源 农艺性状 遗传多样性 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S637[农业科学—蔬菜学]