老年混合痔患者术后疼痛恐惧心理体验的质性研究  

A qualitative study on psychological experience of postoperative pain and fear in elderly patients with mixed hemorrhoids

作　　者：王媛媛 于庆生[2] 童树洁 张冬玲 王成 张媛媛 Wang Yuanyuan;Yu Qingsheng;Tong Shujie;Zhang Dongling;Wang Cheng;Zhang Yuanyuan(Department of Anorectal,Anhui Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital,Hefei 230031,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]安徽省中西医结合医院肛肠科,合肥230031 [2]安徽中医药大学第一附属医院普外一科

出　　处：《中国临床保健杂志》2023年第1期100-104,共5页Chinese Journal of Clinical Healthcare

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81403406);安徽省高校自然科学研究重点项目(KJ2019A0444)。

摘　　要：目的 了解老年混合痔患者术后疼痛恐惧心理体验。方法 采用目的抽样法选取2018年3月至2019年5月期间安徽省中西医结合医院收治的老年混合痔患者11例为研究对象,对患者进行半结构式访谈,使用内容分析法整理分析访谈资料。结果 老年混合痔术后疼痛恐惧心理体验可归纳为疼痛认知(疼痛归因、疼痛敏感性增强、疼痛无法控制)、负性情绪(将疼痛视为威胁、焦虑/抑郁情绪)、被扰乱的生活(正常生活秩序被扰乱、日常活动自理受限)、对速效止痛的渴望和情感期待(期待家属的鼓励、期待日常生活的照顾)5个主题。结论 护理人员应针对老年混合痔术后疼痛恐惧心理体验建立相对完善的疼痛管理体系,针对患者不良心理体验给予正确疏导和知识宣教,并对其家庭支持系统进行有效帮助,提高其应对疼痛恐惧心理能力。Objective To understand the psychological experience of postoperative pain and fear in elderly patients with mixed hemorrhoids.Methods The purposeful sampling method was used to select 11 elderly patients with mixed hemorrhoids who were treated in our hospital from March 2018 to May 2019 as the research objects, conduct semi-structured interviews with the patients, and use the content analysis method to or organize and analyze the interview data.Results The psychological experience of pain and fear after senile mixed hemorrhoid surgery can be summarized as pain cognition(pain attribution, increased pain sensitivity, uncontrollable pain),negative emotions(taking pain as a threat, anxiety/depression),and disrupted life(disturbed normal life order, limited self-care of daily activities),desire for quick-acting pain relief and emotional expectation(expecting family members’ encouragement, expecting daily life care) 5 themes.Conclusions Nursing staff should establish a relatively complete pain management system for the psychological experience of pain and fear after the operation of elderly mixed hemorrhoids, provide correct guidance and knowledge education for patients with adverse psychological experience, and provide effective help to their family support system to improve their ability to cope with pain and fear.

关 键 词：痔 疼痛 疼痛管理 恐惧 健康教育 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]