长江下游典型分汊河道演变规律与影响因素分析  

Evolution Law and Influencing Factors of Typical Furacted Channels in Lower Yangtze River

作　　者：渠庚[1] 杨翰林 张捷 吴艳 栾华龙 潘茂太 QU Geng;YANG Hanlin;ZHANG Jie;WU Yan;LUAN Hualong;PAN Maotai(Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China;River Management Office of Yangzhou,Yangzhou 225899,China;Changjiang River Management Office of Anqing,Anqing 246001,China)

机构地区：[1]长江水利委员会长江科学院,武汉430010 [2]扬州市城市河道管理处,江苏扬州225899 [3]安庆市长江河道管理处,安徽安庆246001

出　　处：《长江技术经济》2023年第1期8-15,7,共9页Technology and Economy of Changjiang

基　　金：扬州市水利规划与重点工程前期项目(扬水计[2021]14号);流域水治理重大科技问题研究资助项目(CKSC2020791/HL,CKSC20211039/JL)。

摘　　要：长江下游江心洲广泛发育分布,分汊河段较多,河道演变规律复杂。利用原型资料分析了鹅眉洲、世业洲典型汊道段深泓、断面和汊道分流比等变化特征,对比分析了分汊河道演变的主要影响因素。结果表明:三峡蓄水后鹅眉洲汊道段左汊持续发展,左汊分流比最高接近60%;世业洲汊道段具有类似的发展趋势,左汊分流比最高达到40.3%;鹅眉洲汊道段的演变具有周期性,潜洲向右淤展并靠鹅眉洲;世业洲汊道段左汊呈单向发展,左汊口门冲刷严重;各典型分汊河段的演变主要受到水文动力条件的变化、气候变化和人类活动的影响,其中潮汐作用是感潮河段冲淤演变较径流河段更剧烈的原因。The lower Yangtze River is featured with widely distributed aits with many furated river segments,making the channel’s evolution pattern complicated.Based on the prototype data of Emei ait and Shiye ait,we analyzed the variation of thalweg,cross section and split ratio of branching segments,and compared the main influencing factors.The results show that the left branch of Emei ait has continued developing since the impoundment of the Three Gorges reservoir,with the maximum split ratio approaching 60%;so has the Shiye ait,reaching40.3%.The Emei ait has been evolving periodically with the Qianzhou ait developing rightward to the Emei ait;the left branch of Shiye ait is developing unidirectionally with the left branch mouth severely scoured.The evolution of each typical furcated river segment is mainly affected by the changes in hydrodynamic conditions,climate change and human activities,among which tidal effect makes the evolution of tide-sensitive segment more intense than that in runoff-dominated segment.

关 键 词：分汊河道 河道演变 安庆河段 镇扬河段 影响因素 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]