民间借贷的综合界定、理论基础与发展变迁  

The Comprehensive Definition,Theoretical Basis and Development of Private Lending

作　　者：王伟 唐沿源 朱青 WANG Wei;TANG Yanyuan;ZHU Qing(China-Asean Institute of Statistics,Guangxi University of Finance and Economics,Nanning Guangxi 530003,China;School of Business,Taizhou University,Taizhou Zhejiang 318000,China)

机构地区：[1]广西财经学院中国-东盟统计学院,广西南宁530003 [2]台州学院商学院,浙江台州318000

出　　处：《金融理论与教学》2023年第1期7-14,共8页Finance Theory and Teaching

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“基于非对称地方财政竞争中的中央均等化转移支付的效率研究”(18BJL028);广西财经学院博士启动项目“后疫情时代中国通胀预期的形成机制、测度与管理”(BS2021012)。

摘　　要：民间借贷历史悠久且广泛存在于世界各地,能有效缓解弱势金融消费者的融资难问题。在中国的金融体制下,民间借贷同样发挥其特有的不可或缺作用,是正规金融的有益必要补充。研究首先综合中国学界观点、司法实践和金融监管体制等因素,将民间借贷界定为正规金融之外自然人之间、非正规金融机构法人之间、其他组织之间以及相互之间的借贷行为;其次从金融抑制理论、二元金融理论、信息不对称理论、交易费用理论和制度变迁理论对民间借贷存在和发展的理论基础进行阐述;最后论述了从传统民间借贷到新型民间借贷的发展变迁并比较了两者的风险收益特征和交易治理模式,然后提出中国应尽快完善互联网金融信用信息基础设施,加快构建和完善中国人民银行征信中心与若干市场化征信机构错位发展、功能互补的征信市场格局,以促进民间借贷与正规金融的竞合共生发展。Private lending has a long history and exists widely all over the world,which can effectively alleviate the financing difficulties of vulnerable financial consumers.In China’s financial system,private lending also plays an indispensable role,which is a beneficial and necessary supplement to formal finance.Firstly,based on the perspectives of academia,judicial practice and financial regulatory system in China,the research defines private lending as the lending behaviors between natural persons outside the formal finance,legal persons of informal financial institutions,and other organizations.Secondly,it expounds the theoretical basis of the existence and development of private lending from the financial suppression theory,dual finance theory,information asymmetry theory,transaction cost theory and institutional change theory.Finally,it discusses the development and changes from traditional private lending to new private lending and compares their risk-return characteristics and transaction governance patterns,and proposes that China should improve the Internet financial credit information infrastructure as soon as possible and accelerate the construction of a credit investigation market pattern of dislocation development and complementary functions between the credit investigation center of the People’s Bank of China and other market-oriented credit investigation institutions,so as to promote the symbiotic development of competition and cooperation between private lending and formal finance.

关 键 词：民间借贷 金融抑制 二元金融 信息不对称 交易费用 制度变迁 

分 类 号：F830.5[经济管理—金融学] F832.4