新冠疫情下日本政府对企业与个人的支援政策及启示  

The Japanese Government’s Support Policy for Enterprises and Individuals under the COVID-19 and Its Enlightenment

作　　者：姜茗予 JIANG Mingyu(Institute of Japanese Studies,Fudan University,Shanghai,200433,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学日本研究中心,上海200433

出　　处：《现代日本经济》2022年第6期66-77,共12页Contemporary Economy OF Japan

摘　　要：面临突发的经济危机,各国的政策制定者必须决定如何以及在何种程度上干预市场。新冠疫情期间,日本经济受到的负面冲击小于雷曼危机时期,这与日本政府实施了充实的企业和居民支援政策,及时改善了微观主体的经济状况密切相关。但另一方面,我们也需要关注日本的政策过度支援而使效率低下的企业得以存续、包括女性劳动者在内的受影响较大的弱势群体如何才能得到充分的支援、如何平衡恢复经济发展与保障国民健康之间的矛盾等诸多方面的问题仍然存在。疫情长期化,微观主体是经济发展的基石,相关支援政策的方式选择与实施在未来很长一段时间都将是重要的课题,总结日本经验对我国具有重要的借鉴意义。In the face of sudden economic crisis, policymakers in various countries must decide how and to what extent to intervene in the market. During the COVID-19, the negative impact on the Japanese economy was less than that during the Lehman crisis, which was closely related to the Japanese government’s implementation of substantial support policies for enterprises and residents and timely improvement of the economic situation of micro entities. However, on the other hand, we also need to pay attention to the problems in many aspects, such as Japanese policies excessively support the survival of inefficient enterprises, how vulnerable groups, including female workers, who are greatly affected, can be fully supported, and how to balance the contradiction between economic development and national health. The long-term epidemic situation, the micro main body is the cornerstone of economic development, and the selection and implementation of relevant support policies will be an important topic in the future for a long time. Summarizing the experience of Japan is of great significance for China.

关 键 词：日本 政策干预 支援政策效果 新冠疫情 经济危机 

分 类 号：F133.130[经济管理—世界经济]