基于过程模拟的加氢站卸气和充装过程研究  

STUDY ON UNLOADING AND FILLING PROCESS OF HYDROGEN REFUELING STATIONS BASED ON PROCESS SIMULATION

作　　者：蹇江海 张旭 张奇 Jian Jianghai;Zhang Xu;Zhang Qi(SINOPEC Engineering Incorporation,Beijing,100101)

机构地区：[1]中国石化工程建设有限公司,北京100101

出　　处：《石油化工设计》2023年第1期1-5,I0001,共6页Petrochemical Design

摘　　要：氢气卸气和充装是加氢站主要的工艺操作过程。研究发现,加氢站的卸气过程中,储氢容器容积配比及操作顺序对取气率有影响。若按高压、中压和低压顺序卸气时,储氢容器容积配比为2(高压)∶3(中压)∶4(低压),长管拖车的取气率达到了63%;高于总水容积相同但储氢容积比变为1∶1∶1时的取气率。若按高压、中压和低压顺序卸气模式,其取气率比按低压、中压和高压相反顺序的取气率略高。在对氢燃料电池汽车进行氢气充装时发现,按照由低压到高压储氢容器充装模式,两种罐容比(2∶3∶4和1∶1∶1)下的取气率大致相当。另外,采用加氢机直充方案充装氢气时,其取气率高于用储氢罐方案的取气率,可通过增加加氢机单机能力或多台机并联的方式满足高峰时段的加注需求。此研究结论可为加氢站工程设计、标准制定及现场运维提供数据支持和指导。Hydrogen unloading and filling are the main process operations of hydrogen refueling station.The study found that the volume ratio of hydrogen container and the operation sequence have an impact on gas extraction rate during the unloading of hydrogen refueling station.When the unloading sequence is high pressure,medium pressure and low pressure and the volume ratio of hydrogen container is 2(high pressure)∶3(medium pressure)∶4(low pressure),the gas extraction rate of tube trailer reaches 63%,higher than the gas extraction rate when the total water volume is the same but the volume ratio of hydrogen container changes to 1∶1∶1.The gas extraction rate in the unloading sequence of high pressure,medium pressure and low pressure is slightly higher than that in the reverse sequence of low pressure,medium pressure and high pressure.When filling hydrogen into hydrogen fuel cell vehicles,it was found that in the filling sequence of low pressure to high pressure hydrogen containers,the gas extraction rates under the tank volume ratio of 2∶3∶4 and 1∶1∶1 were roughly the same.In addition,when hydrogen is directly filled using hydrogen compressor,the gas extraction rate is higher than that of the scheme using hydrogen containers.The filling demand at peak hours can be met by increasing the capacity of single hydrogen compressor or by connecting multiple compressors in parallel.This research conclusion can provide data support and guidance for the engineering design,standard formulation and on-site operation and maintenance of hydrogen refueling stations.

关 键 词：加氢站 氢气卸气 氢气充装 取气率 氢气直充 

分 类 号：TQ116.2[化学工程—无机化工]