NC/Bu-NENA基推进剂性能研究(Ⅱ):吸收工艺  

Study on Properties of NC/Bu-NENA Based Propellant(Ⅱ):Absorption Technology

作　　者：袁志锋[1,2] 胡松启[1] 韩进朝 潘清[2] 赵昱[2] 裴江峰[2] 张军[2] 赵凤起[2] YUAN Zhi-feng;HU Song-qi;HAN Jin-chao;PAN Qing;ZHAO Yu;PEI Jiang-feng;ZHANG Jun;ZHAO Feng-qi(Science and Technology on Combustion,Internal Flow and Thermo-structure Laboratory,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi′an 710072,China;Xi′an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi′an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学燃烧、热结构与内流场重点实验室,陕西西安710072 [2]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2023年第2期172-178,I0010,共8页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.22105157)。

摘　　要：为研究一种无硝化甘油(NG)、以硝化棉(NC)和丁基-硝氧乙基硝胺(Bu-NENA)为主体的NC/Bu-NENA基推进剂的吸收工艺,设计了NC/Bu-NENA基推进剂配方,在不同的吸收温度、搅拌时间和冷却温度等吸收工艺条件下制备了吸收药,采用相机拍摄的方法研究吸收药的分散度以及推进剂样品中NC分子的塑化度。分析了吸收药的分散度和塑化度,探索了NC/Bu-NENA基推进剂最适宜的吸收工艺并分析了原因。结果表明,首先,吸收温度是吸收工艺中最重要的因素,决定了增塑剂Bu-NENA在NC分子中的扩散速度,吸收温度越高则Bu-NENA在NC分子中的扩散速度越快,塑化越好,但是温度越高,Bu-NENA蒸发更快,两者平衡来看,吸收温度以70℃为宜;其次,冷却温度是吸收工艺中次重要的因素,决定了Bu-NENA在水中的溶解度和吸收药的团聚程度,温度越低,Bu-NENA在水中的溶解度越低,吸收药的团聚程度越低,但在工程应用中不能无限制地降低温度,两者综合考虑,冷却温度以20~25℃为宜;最后,搅拌时间的意义是在该时间段内Bu-NENA完成对NC的增塑,增塑完成后延长搅拌时间对提高推进剂性能效果不明显,以40~60min为宜。In order to investigate the absorption process of NC/Bu-NENA based propellant without NG,the formulation of NC/Bu-NENA based propellants was designed.The absorbent was prepared under different absorption conditions such as absorption temperature,stirring time and cooling temperature.The dispersion of the absorbent and the plasticization degree of NC molecules in the propellant samples were studied by smooth roll calender technology.The dispersibility and plasticization degree of the absorbent were analyzed by taking high resolution image.The optimum absorption process of NC/Bu-NENA based propellant was explored and the reasons were analyzed.The results showed that,firstly,the absorption temperature is the most important factor in absorption process.The absorption temperature determines the diffusion rate of the plasticizer Bu-NENA in NC molecules.The higher the absorption temperature,the faster the diffusion rate of Bu-NENA in NC molecules,the better the plasticization.However,the higher the temperature is,the faster Bu-NENA evaporates.From the equilibrium of the two,the optimal absorption temperature is 70℃.Secondly,the cooling temperature is the second most important factor in the absorption process.The cooling temperature determines the solubility of Bu-NENA in water and the degree of agglomeration of absorbent.The lower the temperature,the lower the solubility of Bu-NENA in water,the lower the degree of aggregation of absorbent.However,the temperature can not be reduced unlimitedly in the engineering applications.By considering the two conditions,the cooling temperature should be from 20 to 25℃.Finally,the significance of the stirring time is that Bu-NENA completes the plasticizing of NC within this time period.The prolongation of stirring time after plasticizing has no obvious effect on improving propellant performance,and the mixing time should be 40—60min.

关 键 词：物理化学 Bu-NENA NC/Bu-NENA基推进剂 吸收工艺 吸收温度 冷却温度 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O64[理学—物理化学]