秸秆沼气化发电技术生命周期评估及经济分析  

Life cycle assessment and economic analysis of straw biogasification power generation technology

作　　者：马国杰 朱琳影 张苗苗 赵肖玲 常春[2,3,4] Ma Guojie;Zhu Linying;Zhang Miaomiao;Zhao Xiaoling;Chang Chun(School of Management,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;School of Chemical Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;State Key Laboratory of Motor Vehicle Biofuel Technology,Anyang 473000,China;Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学管理学院,郑州450001 [2]郑州大学化工学院,郑州450001 [3]车用生物燃料技术国家重点实验室,安阳473000 [4]河南省杰出外籍科学家工作室,郑州450001

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2022年第24期162-168,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(22178328);生物质资源加工与高效利用杰出外籍科学家工作室项目(GZS2022007);南阳市协同创新重大专项(郑州大学南阳研究院)(21XTCX12002);车用生物燃料技术国家重点实验室开放课题(KFKT2020009)。

摘　　要：该研究基于生命周期评价方法和时间价值动态分析方法对沼气直燃发电技术、沼气燃料电池发电技术作可行性分析,并与燃煤发电技术相比,旨在综合评估三种发电技术在环境和经济上的特点,为发电方式选择提供参考依据。结果表明:沼气燃料电池发电技术环境效益最佳,总环境影响负荷为8.55×10^(-4),沼气直燃发电技术总环境影响负荷为2.15×10^(-2),两者相较于燃煤发电(2.97×10^(-1))的减排量分别为99.71%和92.76%。在经济上,沼气直燃发电技术的投资回收期最短(12.03 a),运营期净现值可达1361246 Yuan/MW;其次是燃煤发电技术(14.5 a),净现值为423933 Yuan/MW;沼气燃料电池发电技术动态回收期>20 a且未实现盈余。说明沼气直燃发电技术在近期内将仍是替代燃煤发电的最佳发电技术之一。At present,the problems of energy depletion and environmental pollution caused by non renewable energy such as oil and coal have seriously hindered the sustainable development of our society.Biomass energy is a reliable low-carbon alternative energy with renewable,clean and other characteristics.Therefore,the energy transformation to renewable energy is crucial to China’s development.Research shows that China has rich biomass resources.For example,agricultural wastes can be used to produce biogas by anaerobic fermentation of agricultural wastes straw,which can reduce a lot of carbon emissions.Therefore,it is of great significance for China’s development to make full and reasonable use of this resource.This paper discusses two types of biogas power generation technologies using straw as raw material,namely,traditional biogas direct combustion power generation technology and biogas fuel cell power generation technology.Based on life cycle assessment(LCA)and time value dynamic analysis method,the feasibility of two types of biogas power generation technologies is comprehensively evaluated from both environmental and economic aspects.The feasibility of this technology is compared with that of coal-fired power generation technology,and the feasibility of straw biogas power generation technology in both economic and environmental aspects is discussed.In the feasibility analysis of environmental benefits,three potential values of environmental impact categories are considered:global warming(GWP),environmental acidification(AP)and human toxicity(HTP).The environmental impact potential of the three power generation technologies is calculated according to the equivalence factor of each environmental category.After the environmental impact potentials are standardized,the total environmental impact loads of different environmental categories are obtained.The analysis of the total environmental impact is consistent with the judgment of the environmental benefits of the three power generation technologies.The economic feas

关 键 词：秸秆 沼气发电 经济分析 生命周期评估 环境负荷 

分 类 号：X71[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F4[经济管理—产业经济]