温度精细调控对哺乳仔猪局部供暖节能的影响  

Effects of precise temperature control on local heating energy saving of suckling piglets

作　　者：游筱彤 张锦瑞 王华 吴中红[1] 阳林芳 刘佳 王美芝[1] You Xiaotong;Zhang Jinrui;Wang Hua;Wu Zhonghong;Yang Linfang;Liu Jia;Wang Meizhi(College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Guangdong Yihao Food Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510620,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科学技术学院,北京100193 [2]广东壹号食品股份有限公司,广州510620

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2022年第24期180-187,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：中国动物福利标准项目;生猪产业技术体系北京市创新团队项目(BAIC02-2021)。

摘　　要：随着哺乳仔猪日龄增加,仔猪对温度的需求逐渐降低。为了探究精细调控保温灯温度对局部供暖的影响,以及仔猪对温度的需求,从而降低供暖能耗,该研究选择河北承德某猪场2个试验单元共48栏仔猪,分为四梯度温差2℃组(Ⅰ组)、四梯度温差1℃组(Ⅱ组)和两阶段功率组(对照组),监测仔猪生长性能、行为和能耗。结果表明,在仔猪日龄为1~3、4~7、8~14和15~21 d时,Ⅰ组保温灯下的平均空气温度分别为30.5、28.1、27.6和26.1℃,Ⅱ组保温灯下的空气温度分别为29.7、27.9、27.2和26.9℃,对照组保温灯下的空气温度分别为31.4、27.3、27.7和27.8℃。3组之间哺乳仔猪平均日增质量差异不显著(P>0.05),哺乳仔猪成活率分别为96.7%、96.8%、96.7%。与对照组相比,Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组节能率分别为16.7%和26.2%。从节能角度来说,设置四个温度梯度变温度精细调控保温灯较两阶段功率控制对仔猪局部供暖的效果更优。该研究为优化仔猪保温灯温度精细调控效果、提升猪场经济效益提供了一定的参考。The temperature requirements of piglets can decrease with the increasing age in the breeding farm.In this study,the growth performance and behavior of piglets were monitored in real time,in order to explore the effects of precise temperature control on the local heating,and the energy consumption of heat lamps.Forty-eight stalls of piglets were selected from two test rooms of a pig farm in Hebei Province of China.Three groups were divided:four temperature gradients group with 2℃ for each gradient(GroupⅠ),four temperature gradients group with 1℃ for each gradient(Group Ⅱ),and two-stage power group(control group)with 16 stalls in each group.The age of the piglets(21 days from birth to weaning)was divided into four periods,1 to 3,4 to 7,8 to 14,and 15 to 21 days.The automatic system of temperature control was used to set the different temperature gradients.The temperature control system consisted of a touch-screen,a temperature sensor,a Programmable Logic Controller(PLC),and a silicon-controlled rectifier for voltage regulation.Control group was adopted as a manual switch with two push buttons of high and low(high and low indicated the heat lamp with 250 and 175 W power,respectively).In addition,a heat lamp(250 W)was placed for the local heating of piglets in each stall.The temperature under the heat lamps,growth performance,behavior of piglets,and the energy consumption of heat lamps were measured to calculate the carbon dioxide emission of energy consumption.The results showed that the average temperatures were 24.1 and 24.3℃ in the two test rooms,respectively.The average air temperatures were 30.5,28.1,27.6,and 26.1℃,respectively,under the heat lamp with the Group Ⅰ.By contrast,the air temperatures were 29.7,27.9,27.2,and 26.9℃,respectively,under the heat lamp with Group Ⅱ.The air temperatures were 31.4,27.3,27.7,and 27.8℃,respectively,under the heat lamp with a control group.There were no significant differences in the average daily gain among the three groups(P>0.05).The survival rates of su

关 键 词：温度 湿度 供暖 仔猪 节能 行为 保温灯 精细调控 

分 类 号：S818[农业科学—畜牧学] S815[农业科学—畜牧兽医]