不同类型精饲料的瘤胃降解与小肠消化特征  

Rumen Degradation and Small Intestine Digestion Characteristics of Different Types of Concentrate Feeds

作　　者：李琴 张建新[1] 马涛[2] 屠焰[2] 刁其玉[2] 都新民 LI Qin;ZHANG Jianxin;MA Tao;TU Yan;DIAO Qiyu;DU Xinmin(College of Animal Science,Shanxi Agricultural University,Shanxi Taigu 030801,China;Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing Key Laboratory of Bovine Nutrition,Beijing 100081,China;Xinjiang Jinlan Plant Protein Co.,Ltd.,Xinjiang Shihezi 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学动物科学学院,山西太谷030801 [2]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,农业农村部饲料生物技术重点实验室,牛营养学北京重点实验室,北京100081 [3]新疆金兰植物蛋白有限公司,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《饲料工业》2023年第4期71-79,共9页Feed Industry

基　　金：国家肉羊产业技术体系建设专项[CARS-38]。

摘　　要：试验采用尼龙袋法结合体外三步法评价三种类型饲料的瘤胃降解率、小肠消化率。三类饲料为蛋白质饲料(豆粕、胡麻粕、棉籽粕)、谷物饲料(玉米、大麦、小麦)与植物蛋脂粉(PF5、PF10、PF20),旨在研究不同类型饲料在瘤胃与小肠的降解特性,评价植物蛋脂粉在动物营养与饲料中的应用前景。选取3只装有永久瘘管的成年湖羊(♂),用尼龙袋法测定三类饲料干物质(DM)、有机物(OM)、粗蛋白(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)在瘤胃的动态降解率与降解参数,用三步法测定瘤胃降解16 h残渣的小肠酶解率。结果表明:PF10营养物质的瘤胃有效降解率均最低,DM、OM、CP、EE有效降解率分别为38.26%、35.97%、31.74%、34.80%;且小肠酶解率最高(94.76%)(P<0.05)。基于9种精饲料瘤胃非降解蛋白质含量(Y)与DM(X1)、0M(X2)、CP(X3)、EE(X4)相关分析,得方程:Y=0.174X4-0.105X1-1.243X2+0.327X3+132.584(R2=0.928)。说明饲料种类直接影响瘤胃降解率与小肠的消化率;植物蛋脂粉PF10的过瘤胃效果与小肠消化率最好,有良好的应用前景。The rumen degradability and small intestinal digestibility of three types of commonly used feeds were evaluated by in situ bag method combined with three-step in vitro method. The three types of diets were protein diet(soybean meal, sesame meal, cottonseed meal), grain diet(corn, barley, wheat)and the plant protein-fat powder(PF5, PF10, PF20). The aim of this experiment was to study the degradation characteristics of different types of feeds in rumen and small intestine, and to evaluate the application prospect of plant protein-fat powder in animal nutrition and feed. By nylon bag method(in situ) using three adult sheep fitted with permanent fistula(came), the determination of three kinds of nine concentrate DM(dry matter) and OM(organic matter), CP(crude protein) and EE(fat) in the dynamics of rumen degradation rate and degradation parameters, and then three 16 h residue determination of rumen degradation rate of small intestinal digestion. The results showed that the effective degradation rates of DM(38.26%), OM(35.97%), CP(31.74%) and EE(34.80%) in PF10 were the lowest. PF10 had the highest enzymolysis rate in small intestine(94.76%)(P<0.05). Based on the correlation analysis of rumen non-degraded protein content(Y)with DM(X1), OM(X2), CP(X3) and EE(X4) of 9 concentrate diets, the correlation equation was obtained: Y=0.174X4-0.105X1-1.243X2+0.327X3+132.584(R~2=0.928). Basic conclusion, the type and type of feed directly affected the rumen and small intestine degradation rate and small intestine digestibility;Plant protein-fat powder PF10 had the best rumen and small intestine digestibility, and had a good application prospect.

关 键 词：植物蛋脂粉 瘤胃降解率 小肠消化率 相关分析 饲料原料 

分 类 号：S816.32[农业科学—饲料科学]