叶面喷锌时期对不同夏玉米品种植株微量元素含量及分配的影响  

Effects of Foliar Zinc Stages on Concentration and Distribution of Microelement in Different Summer Maize Varieties

作　　者：张盼盼 乔江方[1,2] 李川 张美微[1] 牛军[1] 何佳雯 ZHANG Panpan;QIAO Jiangfang;LI Chuan;ZHANG Meiwei;NIU Jun;HE Jiawen(Cereal Crops Research Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China;School of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,河南郑州450002 [2]郑州大学农学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2023年第1期11-23,共13页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省农业科学院优秀青年科技基金项目(2022YQ03);河南省重点研发与推广专项(222102110167);河南省自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(202300410526)。

摘　　要：在大田条件下,研究叶面喷锌时期(不喷锌、苗期和拔节期1∶1喷锌、拔节期和大口期1∶1喷锌、大口期喷锌,喷锌量均为ZnSO_(4)·7H_(2)O 4.5 kg/hm^(2))对10个夏玉米品种植株中铜、锰、铁、锌含量及分配的影响,探讨产量和微量元素含量间的关系,为叶面锌肥在夏玉米生产上的合理应用提供科学依据。结果表明,与不喷锌处理相比,拔节期和大口期1∶1喷锌显著提高了夏玉米籽粒中铜和锌含量,提高了籽粒中铜、铁、锌累积量,显著提高了铜的收获指数,但降低了锌的收获指数,对锰、铁含量及其收获指数均无显著影响。品种间比较,发现迪卡653籽粒中铜含量最高,谷神玉66籽粒中锰和锌含量最高,隆平638和伟科702籽粒中铁含量最高,平均值分别为9.71、9.56、50.74、51.83 mg/kg;铜、锰、铁、锌的收获指数分别以迪卡653、秋乐618、伟科702、德单5号最高。与不喷锌处理相比,喷锌处理产量均显著提高,以拔节期和大口期1∶1喷锌处理、大口期喷锌处理较高,两者差异不显著,分别提高3.2%、4.7%。产量与籽粒锌含量及其他组织铜、锰含量呈显著或极显著负相关,籽粒锌含量与籽粒铜含量及其他组织铜、锰含量呈显著或极显著正相关,籽粒锰含量与籽粒铁含量、其他组织铜含量与其他组织锰含量均呈极显著正相关。总体来看,在夏玉米生产中,拔节期和大口期1∶1叶面喷施锌肥能够提高夏玉米籽粒中铜、铁、锌等微量元素的累积量和产量,达到籽粒产量和矿质元素营养品质同步提高的目的,可在大田中进行推广应用。The effects of foliar zinc(Zn)stages[no foliar Zn(Zn0),foliar Zn of 1∶1 at seedling and jointing stage(Zn1),foliar Zn of 1∶1 at jointing and flare opening stage(Zn2)and foliar Zn at flare opening stage(Zn3),4.5 kg/ha ZnSO_(4)·7H_(2)O]on the content and distribution of cuprum(Cu),manganese(Mn),ferrum(Fe)and Zn of 10 summer maize varieties were studied in field,and the relationship between grain yield and microelement content was explored,so as to provide scientific basis for the rational application of Zn fertilizer in summer maize production.The results showed that compared with Zn0 treatment,Zn2 treatment increased the content of Cu and Zn and accumulation of Cu,Fe and Zn in grains,improved the harvest index(HI)of Cu,but decreased the HI of Zn,and had no effect on the content and HI of Mn and Fe.Dika 653 had the highest Cu content in grains,Gushenyu 66 had the highest Mn and Zn contents in grains,Longping 638 and Weike 702 had the highest Fe content in grains,which were 9.71,9.56,50.74 and 51.83 mg/kg,respectively.Dika 653,Qiule 618,Weike 702 and Dedan No.5 had the highest HI of Cu,Mn,Fe and Zn,respectively.Compared with Zn0 treatment,Zn1,Zn2 and Zn3 treatments significantly increased the yield,the yields of Zn2 and Zn3 treatments were higher,which increased by 3.2%and 4.7%respectively,and there was no significant difference between the two treatments.The yield had significant or extremely significant negative correlations with Zn content in grains and contents of Cu and Mn in the other tissues,Zn content in grains had significant or extremely significant positive correlations with Cu content in grains and contents of Cu and Mn in the other tissues,and there were significant positive correlations between Mn content and Fe content in grains,between Cu content and Mn content in the other tissues.By comprehensive consideration,foliar Zn of 1∶1 at jointing and flare opening stage could enhance the Cu,Fe and Zn accumulation in grains and yield,achieve the goal of simultaneous increase of grain yield and minera

关 键 词：夏玉米 品种 喷锌时期 产量 微量元素 含量 分配 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]