基于模糊数学法评价肥料运筹模式对豫西烤烟产质量的影响  

Evaluation of the Effect of Fertilizer Operation Mode on Yield and Quality of Flue‐cured Tobacco in Western Henan Based on Fuzzy Mathematics

作　　者：陈培钰 石秋环[2] 马君红[2] 李丽华[2] 李豪豪 宋正熊[2] 代晓燕 CHEN Peiyu;SHI Qiuhuan;MA Junhong;LI Lihua;LI Haohao;SONG Zhengxiong;DAI Xiaoyan(Key Laboratory for Tobacco Cultivation in Tobacco Industry,College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Luoyang Tobacco Company of Henan Province,Luoyang 471023,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院,烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室,河南郑州450002 [2]河南省烟草公司洛阳市公司,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2023年第1期42-52,共11页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司河南省公司科技项目(2020410000270020);河南省烟草公司洛阳市公司科技专项(2021410300270050)。

摘　　要：研究不同肥料配施对烤烟生长及品质的影响,为豫西烟区优化配方施肥及完善烤烟品质综合评价体系提供参考。以当地主栽品种秦烟96为材料,对氮、磷、钾3种肥料因素进行L9(34)正交设计,比较不同施肥模式对烤烟干物质积累、光合性能及烤后烟叶产质量的影响,并应用模糊数学及加权法对烟叶外观质量、化学成分可用性指数(CCUI)及经济效果指数(ECI)进行综合评价。结果表明,随氮用量的增加,烟株净光合速率呈先升高后降低的趋势;中氮处理可提高烤后中上部叶总糖、还原糖含量,协调糖碱比值;高氮处理中上部叶两糖含量降低,中部叶烟碱含量显著增加。同一施氮水平下,增施钾肥可有效提高烤烟的光合指标;高氮水平下,高钾处理烤后中上部叶糖含量、产值及ECI值较低钾处理显著增加。相同氮肥处理下,高磷处理烤烟氯含量较低磷水平显著降低,钾氯比显著增加,外观质量及中部叶致香物质总量明显提高。模糊分析结果表明,氮肥水平一致时,增施磷钾肥可不同程度提高烤烟的外观质量、CCUI及ECI值;中氮处理的烟叶得分较高,其中T5(N2P2K3)处理烤烟干物质积累量明显提高,光合指标和CCUI值显著增加,产值较T8(N3P2K1)处理显著提高96.22%,ECI值及综合评价得分最高。氮、磷、钾肥分别施用60.0、120.0、354.0 kg/hm2时有利于实现烤烟最佳产质效益,可作为豫西烟区推荐施肥模式。This experiment studied the effects of different fertilization modes on the growth and quality of flue‐cured tobacco,to provide a reference for optimizing the formula fertilization and improving the comprehensive evaluation system of flue‐cured tobacco quality in the tobacco area of western Henan.With the local main cultivar Qinyan 96 as the material,the L9(34)orthogonal design was carried out for three fertilizer factors of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,the effects of different fertilization modes on the accumulation of dry matter,photosynthetic properties,yield and quality of flue‐cured tobacco were appearance quality,chemical composition availability index(CCUI)and economic effect index(ECI)of tobacco leaves.The results showed that with the increase of nitrogen dosage,the net photosynthetic rate of tobacco plants increased first and then decreased;medium nitrogen treatment could increase the content of total sugar and reducing sugar in the middle and upper leaves after curing,and coordinate the ratio of sugar to nicotine;in high nitrogen treatment,the content of two sugars in the middle and upper leaves decreased,and the content of nicotine in the middle leaves increased significantly.Under the same nitrogen application level,increasing the application of potassium fertilizer could effectively improve the photosynthetic index of flue‐cured tobacco;under the high nitrogen level,the sugar content,output value and ECI value of the middle and upper leaves after roasting in the high potassium treatment were significantly increased compared with those in the low potassium treatment.Under the same nitrogen level,the chlorine content of flue‐cured tobacco in high phosphorus treatment was significantly reduced,the potassium chlorine ratio was significantly increased,the appearance quality and the total amount of aroma substances were significantly improved.The results of fuzzy analysis showed that when the nitrogen fertilizer level was the same,increasing the application of phosphorus and potassium fertil

关 键 词：肥料运筹 氮磷钾 烤烟 模糊数学 品质 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]