激光平地对河套灌区土壤水分入渗及秋浇质量的影响  

Effects of laser land leveling on soil moisture infiltration and autumn irrigation quality in Hetao irrigation area

作　　者：白岗栓[1,2] 邹超煜 冯光惠[4] 李志熙[4] 边利强 边利军 BAI Gangshuan;ZOU Chaoyu;FENG Guanghui;LI Zhixi;BIAN Liqiang;BIAN Lijun(Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University,Yangling 712100,China;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences/Ministry of Water Resources,Yangling 712100,China;Ji'an Wetland Management Center,Ji'an 343000,China;College of Life Science,Yulin University,Yulin 719000,China;Dengkou Water Resources Bureau,Dengkou 015200,China;Sandy Area Irrigation Experiment Station,Ulanbuh Irrigation Field Adminstration,Dengkou 015200,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院/水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [3]吉安市湿地管理中心,江西吉安343000 [4]陕西榆林学院生命科学学院,陕西榆林719000 [5]磴口县水利局,内蒙古磴口015200 [6]乌兰布和灌域管理局沙区灌溉试验站,内蒙古磴口015200

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2023年第2期135-146,共12页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0501602);陕西省科技厅重点研发计划(2019TSLNY03-03);榆林市科技局产学研(2019-88-1)。

摘　　要：为促进激光平地的推广应用和提高秋浇质量,以内蒙古河套灌区普通农田为对照,测定激光平地对农田土壤容重、土壤孔隙度、土壤水分入渗速率和秋浇质量等的影响。结果表明:激光平地主要影响0~10 cm土层土壤容重、土壤总孔隙度和毛管孔隙度,显著降低0~30 cm土层土壤非毛管孔隙度,但对10~30 cm土层土壤容重、土壤总孔隙度和毛管孔隙度则无显著影响;激光平地显著降低了土壤水分稳定入渗速率,秋浇水量可减少25.93%;激光平地后,农田的灌溉水流速率较快且较一致,田面储水深度较浅且均一,水流消退速率较低且较均匀。综上,建议河套灌区应积极开展激光平地,以节约灌水量并提高秋浇质量。In order to promote the popularization and application of laser land leveling technology and improve autumn irrigation quality,compared with ordinary farmland,the effects of laser land leveling on soil bulk density,soil porosity,soil moisture infiltration rate and autumn irrigation quality in laser land leveling farmland in Hetao irrigation area of Inner Mongolia were measured.The results showed that:Laser land leveling mainly affected soil bulk density,soil total porosity and capillary porosity in 0-10 cm soil layer,and significantly decreased air-filled porosity porosity in 0-30 cm soil layer,but had no significant effects on soil bulk density,soil total porosity and capillary porosity in 10-30 cm soil layer.Laser land leveling significantly reduced the stable infiltration rate of soil moisture and reduced irrigation amount of autumn irrigation by 25.93%.In laser land leveling farmland,the irrigation water rate of autumn irrigation was faster and more consistent,the field water storage depth was shallow and uniform,and the water recession rate was lower and more consistent.In conclusion,laser leveling should be actively developed in Hetao irrigation area to save irrigation amount and improve autumn irrigation quality.

关 键 词：激光平地 土壤容重 土壤孔隙 土壤水分入渗速率 灌溉质量 

分 类 号：S222.51[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S152.3[农业科学—农业工程]