楼房式妊娠母猪舍靶向通风系统应用效果  

Experimental study on the application effect of targeted ventilation in multi-floor farrowing sow house

作　　者：史凌杰 郑炜超[1,2,3] 李修松 魏永祥 李浩 邓森中[1] 吴雪飞 SHI Lingjie;ZHENG Weichao;LI Xiusong;WEI Yongxiang;LI Hao;DENG Senzhong;WU Xuefei(College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Engineering Research Centre for Animal Healthy Environment,Beijing 100083,China;School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Big herdsman Machinery(Jiaozhou)Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京100083 [2]农业农村部设施农业工程重点实验室,北京100083 [3]北京市畜禽健康养殖环境工程技术研究中心,北京100083 [4]浙江大学生物系统工程与食品科学学院,杭州310058 [5]大牧人机械(胶州)有限公司,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2023年第2期217-226,共10页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：2022年青岛市科技计划科技惠民示范引导专项(22-3-7-xdny-12-nsh);国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0500700)。

摘　　要：针对楼房猪舍通风设计复杂,猪舍内热环境均匀性和稳定性不佳的问题,在装有靶向通风系统的楼房猪场妊娠母猪舍内,连续监测冬季和夏季试验猪舍内的风速、通风量、温湿度和猪只应激状况,对靶向通风系统在楼房猪舍的应用效果进行研究。结果表明:1)靶向通风系统能够有效优化试验猪舍内气流的分布规律和利用效率,其中栏位处出风口和生活区域风速沿宽度方向均匀性较好(P>0.05),沿长度方向均匀性较差(P<0.05),猪只生活区域冬季和夏季平均风速分别为(0.16±0.05)和(0.90±0.17) m/s;2)靶向通风系统能够将试验猪舍内温度调控至适宜的范围内,试验猪舍内冬季平均温度保持在(19.5±0.21)℃,夏季平均温度控制在(27.0±1.77)℃,且水平和垂直方向温湿度均匀性较好(P>0.05);3)靶向通风系统能够有效提升猪只舒适度,试验猪舍内冬季未出现冷应激状态,夏季无热应激状态比例为85.9%,轻度和中度热应激状态分别为13.3%和0.8%,未出现高度热应激状态。靶向通风系统应用于楼房式妊娠母猪舍可以改善夏季猪舍内热环境分布和猪只热应激状况,从而大幅度减少猪舍需风量。In view of the complex ventilation design and poor uniformity/stability of the indoor thermal environment of multi-floor pig buildings,the work aimed to study the application effect of targeted ventilation in multi-floor pig buildings.Experiments were conducted to continuously monitor some indicators(the winter and summer indoor wind speed,ventilation,temperature,humidity,and stress) of the farrowing sows,in the multi-floor pig building with a targeted ventilation system.The results show that:1) The targeted ventilation system can effectively improve the distribution and utilization of indoor air flow.For the wind speed of the stall air outlet and living area,the uniformity in the width direction(P>0.05) is better than that in the length direction(P<0.05).The winter and summer average wind speed in the living area are(0.16±0.05) m/s and(0.90±0.17) m/s,respectively.2) The targeted ventilation system can regulate the temperature to a suitable range,keeping an average temperature to(19.5±0.21) ℃ in winter,and(27.0±1.77) ℃ in summer,it can also maintain good temperature and humidity uniformity in both the horizontal and vertical orientation.3) The targeted ventilation system can effectively improve the comfort level of sows,with no cold stress in winter,and the percentage of no heat stress is up to 85.9% in summer.There is no high level heat stress,the percentage of alert level is 13.3% and the percentage of danger level is merely 0.8%.In conclusion,the application of targeted ventilation system in multi-floor pig buildings can improve the indoor thermal environment as well as reducing levels of heat stress in summer,and greatly reduce ventilation finally.

关 键 词：楼房猪舍 妊娠母猪 通风 热环境 温湿指数 

分 类 号：S828.9[农业科学—畜牧学]