基于耀光反射差异的海面溢油遥感识别提取  

Optical extraction of oil spills based on sunglint reflection difference in HY-1C CZI images

作　　者：朱小波 沈亚峰 刘建强[2,3] 丁静 焦俊男[1] 居为民 陆应诚 ZHU Xiaobo;SHEN Yafeng;LIU Jianqiang;DING Jing;JIAO Junnan;JU Weimin;LU Yingcheng(International Institute for Earth System Science,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210046,China;National Satellite Ocean Application Center,Beijing 100081,China;Key Laboratory of Space Ocean Remote Sensing and Applications,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学国际地球系统科学研究所,南京210046 [2]国家卫星海洋应用中心,北京100081 [3]自然资源部空间海洋遥感与应用重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《遥感学报》2023年第1期197-208,共12页NATIONAL REMOTE SENSING BULLETIN

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:42071387,41771376);国家重点研发计划(编号:2019YFE0105700)。

摘　　要：溢油是海洋环境监测的重要目标之一。近年来,光学遥感对海面溢油不同污染类型的识别、分类与估算原理得到阐明,其技术优势获得认可;能为海面溢油监测提供颠覆性的技术支持,提高了溢油的识别精度,实现精细化定量探测。随着中国海洋水色业务卫星—HY-1C/D(Haiyang-1C/D)的投入应用,其搭载的海岸带成像仪CZI(Coastal Zone Imager)在中国近海溢油监测中体现了较好的效能;但HY-1C/D星CZI载荷开展中国近海溢油业务化监测应用,还需要不断丰富并发展溢油识别提取算法。在HY-1C/D星CZI载荷的高空间分辨率影像中,不同的海面溢油污染类型具有明确的光谱响应特征和形态特征;太阳耀光反射差异,有助于海面溢油的遥感检测,同时也给溢油污染的识别分类与定量估算带来不确定性影响。本研究在CZI载荷数据对海面溢油波段响应基础上,通过溢油海面与背景干扰的耀光反射特征分析,厘清CZI图像中海面耀光干扰的空间分布特点;进一步在优选波段的移动窗口分割及其参数统计基础上,通过对不同分割窗间的耀光形态特征及其相关性判断,实现了CZI图像上海面溢油较高精度的识别与提取。其中,弱耀光条件下油膜提取的平均精度为90.24%、乳化油的平均精度为80.55%;强耀光条件下溢油提取总体效果也较好。面向国产自主海洋水色业务卫星数据,发展溢油光学遥感识别、分类、提取与估算,不仅能促进国产海洋光学卫星的业务化应用,更能为全面掌握中国近海溢油污染状况提供数据参考。After an oil spill accident, it is essential to quickly detect the location, spatial coverage, pollution type, and amount of oil spills, so as to measure the impacts of different oil spill types, clean up the oil, and help the ocean recover. Although the mechanism and characteristics of optical remote sensing of oil spills have been basically clarified, the research on automatic oil spill extraction algorithms is still insufficient, which still needs to be addressed. The main challenge is that the significant variation of sunglint is helpful to the oil spill identification, but also brings many uncertainties to the extraction. Hence, the marine remote-sensing community is always committed to developing remote-sensing methods for improving the performance of aspects, such as preprocessing, segmentation, and classification. The scale of extraction is deemed the key to eliminating sunglint interference. As the conventional extraction method cannot be applied on the optical images directly for the reasons outlined in the context, a new man-machine interactive oil spill extraction method(more specific an oil – water mixture detector), which is able to eliminate sunglint interference was introduced. It accomplishes this by splitting the oil spill global region into adjacent sub-windows, as the sunglint can be considered constant in a small region. The proposed method and densitybased clustering is used cooperatively in the method. The detector first discretizes different types of oil spills in images based on the specific optical detection principle of oil spills. Then the clustering uses the auxiliary information of multispectral images to achieve high confidence clustering output. The Coastal Zone Imager(CZI) onboard China’s Hai Yang-1C/D(HY-1C/D) satellites can provide multispectral images with high spatial resolution and wide coverage for operational monitoring of oil spills. The proposed method was applied to HY/CZI oil spill dataset and other optical images of several oil spill events. The spatial differentia

关 键 词：HY-1C/D卫星 耀光反射 溢油提取 光学遥感 分割尺度 

分 类 号：P2[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]