一种基于电容可控振荡换流的新型直流断路器  

A Novel Capacitor Controlled Oscillation Commutation DC Circuit Breaker

作　　者：周万迪 张蓓 魏晓光 刘远 齐磊[2] 张升 ZHOU Wandi;ZHANG Bei;WEI Xiaoguang;LIU Yuan;QI Lei;ZHANG Sheng(State Key Laboratory of Advanced Transmission Technology(State Grid Smart Grid Research Institute Co.,Ltd.),Changping District,Beijing 102209,China;School of Electric and Electrical Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Changping District,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]先进输电技术国家重点实验室(国网智能电网研究院有限公司),北京市昌平区102209 [2]华北电力大学电气与电子工程学院,北京市昌平区102206

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2023年第3期1123-1131,共9页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家电网有限公司科技项目(5500-202058343A-0-0-00)。

摘　　要：直流输配电网在远距离大容量电能传输、大规模新能源并网和源–网–荷协调控制等领域发挥重要作用。直流断路器(DC circuit breaker,DCCB)作为直流系统实现故障隔离的核心装备,目前还面临开断能力受限、成本高昂等问题,制约其在直流输配电系统中的广泛应用。该文首先提出一种新型电容可控振荡换流原理与拓扑电路,其通过激发电容振荡升压以实现振荡电流的快速提升,从而实现电流的转移与开断;然后对电容振荡换流机理进行数学分析,阐述所提直流断路器(DC circuit breaker,DCCB)拓扑构成与基本原理,并给出核心参数理论设计约束边界。最后,仿真分析20k V/3ms/15k A DCCB技术性能,论证所提拓扑的可行性与技术特点。研究结果表明,所提拓扑损耗低,可快速实现双向短路电流开断,与混合式DCCB相比,所提拓扑全控器件使用数量少、应力小,整体技术经济性能优异,具备良好的应用前景。DC transmission and distribution network plays an important role in the fields of long-distance high-capacity power transmission,large-scale new energy grid connection and generation-grid-load coordinated control.DC circuit breakers(DCCBs)as the key equipment of DC system can fast isolate DC fault,but still face the problems of limited breaking capability and high cost,which restricts its wide application in DC system.In this paper,the principle and topology of a novel capacitor controlled oscillation commutation(CCOC)is proposed.By exciting capacitor voltage oscillation,the oscillation current can be increased rapidly so as to realize current commutation.The mathematical analysis of capacitor oscillation commutation mechanism is completed,the topology composition and basic principle of the proposed DC circuit breaker are described,and the theoretical design constraint boundary of core parameters is given.Finally,the simulation analysis of 20k V/3ms/15k A CCOC DCCB operation performance is carried out,which can verify the feasibility and technical features of the proposed topology.The research shows that the proposed topology has low loss and can quickly realize bidirectional short-circuit current breaking.Compared with hybrid DCCBs,the proposed topology uses less power electronic devices with low electrical stresses,and has a good application prospect,which shows better technical and economic performance.

关 键 词：直流输配电 电容可控振荡 直流断路器 电流转移 重合闸 

分 类 号：TM561[电气工程—电器]