人为源微生物气溶胶的分布特征及风险研究进展  

Progress in the distribution characteristics and risks of bioaerosols from anthropogenic sources

作　　者：于学政 韩云平[2,3] 曹英楠 王紫轩[1] 周子玉 郑天龙 刘建国 杨晓霞[4] YU Xuezheng;HAN Yunping;CAO Yingnan;WANG Zixuan;ZHOU Ziyu;ZHENG Tianlong;LIU Jianguo;YANG Xiaoxia(Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,College of Energy and Power Engineering,Inner Mongolia University of Technology,Hohhot 010051,Inner Mongolia,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center for CO2 Capture and Utilization,Hohhot 010051,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古工业大学能源与动力工程学院、环境污染控制与修复内蒙古自治区高等学校重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010051 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心水质学国家重点实验室,北京100085 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]内蒙古自治区CO_(2)捕集与资源化工程技术研究中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010051

出　　处：《微生物学通报》2023年第2期667-686,共20页Microbiology China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFD1100500)。

摘　　要：近年来,新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情全球肆虐,引起了公众对于微生物气溶胶潜在风险的极大关注,其中人为源微生物气溶胶潜在的健康危害逐步成为越来越多学者关注的热点之一。本文综述了近年来4类主要人为源微生物气溶胶的研究现状,比较了不同人为源微生物气溶胶的分布特征和微生物组成特性,并探究了影响微生物气溶胶特征的主要因素及其存在的潜在风险。结果表明,畜禽养殖场微生物气溶胶平均浓度最高,其次是污水处理厂和垃圾填埋场,医院最低。从微生物组成特性来说,不同人为源微生物气溶胶中微生物组成与其产生源密切相关;同时,其组成也受其所处环境条件影响。基于以上分析,本文进一步展望了未来人为源微生物气溶胶的主要研究方向,以期为微生物气溶胶控制标准的制定及控制技术的研发奠定基础。In recent years,the global outbreak of COVID-19 has aroused public attention to the potential risks of bioaerosols and the studies about the potential health hazards of bioaerosols from anthropogenic sources have been increasing.We introduced the research status of four main anthropogenic bioaerosols in recent years,compared the distribution and composition characteristics of bioaerosols from different anthropogenic sources,and analyzed the main factors affecting the characteristics and potential risks of bioaerosols.The average concentration of bioaerosol is high in animal farms,moderate in wastewater treatment plants and landfills,and low in hospitals.The microbial composition of bioaerosols at different sites is closely associated with the bioaerosol source and affected by the environmental conditions.Furthermore,this work prospected the main research directions of anthropogenic bioaerosols in the future,aiming to lay a foundation for the establishment of bioaerosol control standards and the development of control technology.

关 键 词：人为源 微生物气溶胶 分布特征 影响因素 潜在风险 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]