我国部分公共卫生学院师生新型冠状病毒感染现况调查  

Epidemiological survey of 2019-nCoV infection in staff and students in some public health schools in China

作　　者：魏永越 高文静 张隆垚[3] 王绍冠 詹思延 任涛[1,2] 郝元涛[1] 吕筠 李立明[1,2] Wei Yongyue;Gao Wenjing;Zhang Longyao;Wang Shaoguan;Zhan Siyan;Ren Tao;Hao Yuantao;Lyu Jun;Li Liming(Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness&Response,Beijing 100191,China;School of Public Health,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China;School of Public Health,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 211166,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学公众健康与重大疫情防控战略研究中心,北京100191 [2]北京大学公共卫生学院,北京100191 [3]南京医科大学公共卫生学院,南京211166

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2023年第2期175-183,共9页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：中华医学基金会(20-366)。

摘　　要：目的了解我国新型冠状病毒感染疫情防控策略调整后,不同地域的流行现况及特点。方法于2022年12月20日12:00至23日9:00,对全国23个省份39个高校公共卫生学院的教职工和学生(师生)开展网络问卷调查。分析不同地区的感染率,探索感染风险因素、感染者人群特征和临床症状等情况。结果调查获得28901份有效问卷(其中学生26355份,教职工2546份),问卷有效率为94.3%。北京市感染率最高,其学生和教职工感染率分别达78.55%和76.40%;天津市、河北省的师生感染率均超过65.00%;各省份感染率差异较大;96.76%的感染时间发生于2022年12月1日及以后。与教职工相比,学生的感染风险更低(OR=0.72,95%CI:0.60~0.86);与≤20岁组相比,21~、31~、41~、51~、>60岁组的OR值(95%CI)分别为1.22(1.14~1.30)、1.54(1.30~1.84)、1.25(0.99~1.58)、1.29(0.94~1.78)、1.19(0.51~2.80);末次新型冠状病毒疫苗接种时间距今越长,感染风险越高,以≤3个月以内者为参照,4~、7~、10~、13~及≥16个月者的OR值(95%CI)分别为1.56(1.34~1.82)、1.59(1.36~1.86)、1.67(1.45~1.93)、1.86(1.58~2.19)、2.46(2.09~2.90)。与独住者相比,与1~、3~及≥5人同住者的OR值(95%CI)分别为17.55(15.91~19.39)、20.22(18.25~22.43)和11.78(10.40~13.36)。感染者中,仅有5.94%的教职工和7.19%的学生自报为无症状感染者;在有症状感染者中,85.65%的教职工和88.18%的学生报告出现发热症状。结论我国各地疫情发展速度差异显著,其传播速度和临床严重程度远超既往认识。应定期开展有组织的流行病学调查,以期为更准确地预测疫情态势和医疗资源需求提供可靠的数据支持。Objective To understand the infection status and characteristics of 2019-nCoV infection in different areas in China after the adjustment of the national prevention and control strategy of 2019-nCoV infection.Methods The online questionnaire survey was conducted among staff and students of 39 public health schools in 23 provinces(municipalities)in China from 12:00 on December 20 to 9:00 on December 23,2022.The infection rates in staff and students in all the provinces were estimated.The risk factors,demographic and clinical characteristics of 2019-nCoV infections were explored.Results A total of 28901 valid questionnaires were obtained(26355 from students and 2546 from staff)with a qualified rate of 94.3%.The infection rates varied greatly among provinces and cities;the infection rates in students and staff in Beijing reached 78.55%and 76.40%,respectively.Infection rates in students and staff in Tianjin and Hebei also exceeded 65.00%,and 96.76%of infections occurred on and after December 1,2022.Students had lower risk for the infection compared with staff(OR=0.72,95%CI:0.60-0.86).Compared with age group≤20 years,the OR of age groups 21-30,31-40,41-50,51-60 and>60 years were 1.22(95%CI:1.14-1.30),1.54(95%CI:1.30-1.84),1.25(95%CI:0.99-1.58),1.29(95%CI:0.94-1.78)and 1.19(95%CI:0.51-2.80),respectively.The longer the period after the last vaccination,the higher the risk for the infection.Compared with those who received the last vaccination in the past 3 months,the OR of those who received the last vaccination in the past 4-6 months,7-9 months,10-12 months,13-15 months and≥16 months were 1.56(95%CI:1.34-1.82),1.59(95%CI:1.36-1.86),1.67(95%CI:1.45-1.93),1.86(95%CI:1.58-2.19)and 2.46(95%CI:2.09-2.90),respectively.Compared with those living alone,the OR of those living with 1-2,3-4 and≥5 roommates were 17.55(95%CI:15.91-19.39),20.22(95%CI:18.25-22.43)and 11.78(95%CI:10.40-13.36),respectively.Only 5.94%of the staff and 7.19%of the students reported asymptomatic infections.Among those with symptoms,88.18%of students a

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒感染 感染率 临床症状 

分 类 号：R511[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]