2020年北京市朝阳区18岁及以上人群乙型肝炎血清流行病学调查  

A sero-epidemiological survey of hepatitis B virus among the population over 18 year old in Chaoyang District of Beijing,2020

作　　者：邱倩[1] 梁妍[2] 李倩[2] 刘秀颖[1] 张卫[3] 张政[4] 赵伟[4] 聂黎[1] 庞星火[5] Qiu Qian;Liang Yan;Li Qian;Liu Xiuying;Zhang Wei;Zhang Zheng;Zhao Wei;Nie Li;Pang Xinghuo(Scientific Research and Teaching Management Office,Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing 100013,China;Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control,Chaoyang District Center for Disease Prevention and Control of Beijing,Beijing 100021,China;Institute of Immunization and Prevention,Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing 100013,China;Chaoyang District Center for Disease Prevention and Control of Beijing,Beijing 100021,China;Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心科研与教学管理办公室,北京100013 [2]北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心传染病地方病控制所,北京100021 [3]北京市疾病预防控制中心免疫预防所,北京100013 [4]北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心,北京100021 [5]北京市疾病预防控制中心,北京100013

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2023年第2期263-267,共5页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2018ZX10715005-004-004);中国肝炎防治基金会(YGFK20180003)。

摘　　要：目的分析2020年北京市朝阳区≥18岁人群乙型肝炎(乙肝)的血清学感染状况。方法2020年8-12月在北京市朝阳区按照多阶段整群随机抽样的方法,对≥18岁常住居民采集静脉血并进行问卷调查,样本量估算为8525人。使用雅培微粒子发光法试剂盒检测HBsAg、抗-HBs、抗-HBc等乙肝血清学指标。结果调查对象为朝阳区≥18岁常住居民9875人,HBsAg、抗-HBc、抗-HBs阳性率分别为2.8%(95%CI:2.5%~3.1%)、33.9%(95%CI:33.0%~34.9%)和45.6%(95%CI:44.6%~46.6%),HBsAg、抗-HBs和抗-HBc三项全阴率为45.9%(95%CI:44.9%~46.9%)。乙肝疫苗调查接种率为22.4%。18~28岁常住居民HBsAg和抗-HBc阳性率(1.9%和6.8%)显著低于其他年龄组;男性HBsAg和抗-HBc阳性率(3.6%和35.4%)均高于女性(2.2%和32.8%)。调查对象HBsAg、抗-HBs和抗-HBc三项全阴率随调查对象年龄增加而上升,抗-HBs阳性率则逐渐下降。结论北京市朝阳区≥18岁人群HBsAg阳性率较以前有所下降,随着重点人群乙肝疫苗免费接种工作的开展,成年人群乙肝疫苗接种率和整体免疫水平有所提高。应对男性、较高年龄组和较低文化程度的重点人群开展乙肝防治知识宣传教育和乙肝疫苗接种工作,减少人群免疫空白。Objective To investigate the infection status of the hepatitis B virus among the population over 18 years old in the Chaoyang District of Beijing from August to December 2020.Methods A multistage stratified cluster random sampling was carried out on residents over 18 years old who lived in Chaoyang for more than six months in 2020.The estimated sample size was 8525.A blood sample was collected and tested for HBsAg,anti-HBs,and anti-HBc using the Abbott Microparticle Enzyme Immunoassay method.A questionnaire survey was also conducted.Results A total of 9875 residents were included;the overall positive rate of HBsAg,anti-HBc,and anti-HBs was 2.8%(95%CI:2.5%-3.1%),33.9%(95%CI:33.0%-34.9%)and 45.6%(95%CI:44.6%-46.6%),respectively.The negative rate for all three serological markers was 45.9%(95%CI:44.9%-46.9%).The reported hepatitis B vaccination rate was 22.4%.The positive rate of HBsAg and anti-HBc were lower in group aged 18-28 years(1.9%and 6.8%,respectively)than the others,and that of the male was higher(3.6%and 35.4%,respectively)than the female(2.2%and 32.8%,respectively).The negative rate for all three serological markers increased with age.However,the positive rate of anti-HBs decreased with age.Conclusions In Chaoyang District of Bejing,HBV prevalence among the population over 18 years old has decreased.The publicity and education about hepatitis B prevention and control should be strengthened to reduce the immunization gap of the population further.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎 血清流行病学调查 乙型肝炎表面抗原 乙型肝炎表面抗体 乙型肝炎核心抗体 

分 类 号：R512.62[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]