不同土壤调理剂对瓠瓜品质及土壤改良的影响  

Effects of different soil conditioners on the quality of bottle gourd and soil improvement

作　　者：赵琳[1] 骆乐谈[1] 石江[1] 姚凌燕 李松昊 ZHAO Lin;LUO Letan;SHI Jiang;YAO Lingyan;LI Songhao(Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310024,China;Lin’an Bai Run Vegetable Professional Cooperative,Hangzhou 311322,China;Agroforestry Technology Extension Center of Lin’an District,Hangzhou 311300,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州市农业科学研究院,杭州310024 [2]临安百润蔬菜专业合作社,杭州311322 [3]杭州市临安区农林技术推广中心,杭州311300

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2023年第1期94-100,共7页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：杭州市财政项目(2021HNCT-05);杭州市临安区耕地土壤酸化治理试验与示范项目。

摘　　要：粮食安全始终是全球性热点问题,实现粮食安全的基础和保障是耕地资源安全。近年来,随着全球环境的恶化,农民为了提高作物产量,寻求利益最大化,开始大量使用化肥、农药等化学物质,导致土壤酸化严重,质量逐年下降。为了实现土壤可持续利用,促进我国农业的可持续发展,更好治理土壤的同时,保障国家粮食和农产品质量安全,以杭州市临安区瓠瓜试验示范基地为研究对象,采用生石灰、土壤调理剂、生物质炭等不同处理,研究该地区土壤酸化程度治理效果及瓠瓜品质和产量变化规律。结果显示:生石灰可明显改善土壤pH、有效磷含量及瓠瓜粗纤维含量;每667 m^(2)施生物质炭666 kg可明显提高土壤有机质含量和瓠瓜产量,每667 m^(2)施生物质炭1 333 kg可升高土壤速效钾含量,每100 g瓠瓜可溶性糖和维生素C含量分别提高0.1 g和0.33 mg;有机肥对土壤碱解氮的改良效果最佳,可使每100 g瓠瓜可溶性糖含量提高0.03 g;土壤调理剂的施用可使每100 g瓠瓜维生素C含量提高0.68 mg,与对照相比提高9.26%。综合各项指标,在瓠瓜土壤酸化治理过程中,不同土壤调理剂的施用可达到不同的治理效果,在有效改良土壤的同时又不影响瓠瓜产量和品质,每667m^(2)应施用生物质炭666 kg。Food security has always been a global hot issue. The basis and guarantee for achieving food security is the security of cultivated land resources. In recent years, with the deterioration of the global environment,in order to improve the crop yield and maximize the benefits,farmers began to use a large number of chemical substances such as fertilizers and pesticides,resulting in serious soil acidification and declining quality year by year. In order to better manage the soil,promote the sustainable development of China’s agriculture,sustainable use of soil,and ensure the quality and safety of national food and agricultural products,,the gourd experimental demonstration base in Lin’an District,Hangzhou City was chosen as the research object. Different treatments such as quicklime, soil conditioner, and biomass charcoal were used to study the effect of soil acidification control in this area and the change law of gourd quality and yield. The results showed that quicklime could significantly improve soil pH,available phosphorus content and crude fiber content of gourd;applying666 kg of biomass charcoal per 667 m^(2) could significantly increase the content of soil organic matter and the yield of gourd,and applying biomass charcoal of 1 333 kg per 667 m^(2) could increase the content of available potassium,the soluble sugar and vitamin C content of every 100 g gourd were increased by 0. 1 g and 0. 33 mg respectively;organic fertilizer had the best effect on improving soil alkaline nitrogen,and could also increase the soluble sugar content of every 100 g gourd by 0. 03 g;the application of soil conditioner could increase the vitamin C content of every 100 g gourd by 0. 68 mg,which was an increase of 9. 26% compared with the control.Comprehensive indicators,in the process of soil acidification treatment of gourd melon,the application of different soil conditioners achieved different treatment effects. In terms of effectively improving the soil without affecting the yield and qualityof gourd melon,the application sh

关 键 词：瓠瓜 生物质炭 土壤调理剂 酸化 品质 

分 类 号：S642.9[农业科学—蔬菜学] S156.2[农业科学—园艺学]