蓟马取食诱导对紫花苜蓿次生代谢物含量及防御酶活性的影响  

Effects of thrips feeding on secondary metabolites and defense enzymes of alfalfa cultivars

作　　者：吴芳[1] 师尚礼[1] 康文娟[1] 陈晓梅 阿芸 张辉辉 李自立 WU Fang;SHI Shang-li;KANG Wen-juan;CHEN Xiao-mei;A Yun;ZHANG Hui-hui;LI Zi-li(College of Pratacultural Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Key Laboratory for Grassland Ecosystem of Ministry of Education,Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province,Sino-U.S.Centers for Grazingland Ecosystem Sustainability,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院,草业生态系统教育部重点实验室,甘肃省草业工程实验室,中‐美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草原与草坪》2022年第6期21-27,共7页Grassland and Turf

基　　金：甘肃省科技重大专项(19ZD2NA002);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-34)。

摘　　要：以抗蓟马苜蓿品种甘农9号(Medicago sativa cv. Gannong No. 9)、感蓟马苜蓿品种甘农3号(Medicago sativa cv. Gannong No. 3)和高感蓟马苜蓿品种WL363HQ(Medicago sativa cv. WL363HQ)为试验材料,紫花苜蓿苗期接种不同头数(0、4、5、6头/枝条)的蓟马成虫,取食5 d后比较不同抗性苜蓿品种叶片中次生代谢物质(黄酮、单宁、木质素)含量和防御酶(过氧化物酶(POD)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、多酚氧化酶(PPO))活性的变化。结果表明:随着蓟马头数的增加,供试苜蓿品种的黄酮、单宁和木质素含量均显著高于CK(P<0.05)。5、6头/枝条处理时,甘农9号的单宁含量分别较甘农3号显著提高了53.49%,47.70%;较WL363HQ分别显著增加了71.52%,58.60%(P<0.05)。甘农9号的木质素含量在5、6头/枝条处理下均显著高于甘农3号和WL363HQ,增幅分别为5.60%,3.50%和6.13%,3.96%(P<0.05)。蓟马取食胁迫显著提高了供试苜蓿品种的POD和PAL活性,显著降低了PPO活性(P<0.05)。甘农9号的POD和PAL活性在5头/枝条处理下较甘农3号分别显著增加了2.60%,1.09%;较WL363HQ分别显著提高了1.36%,3.54%;6头/枝条处理后甘农9号的POD和PAL活性均显著高于甘农3号(5.19%,9.36%)和WL363HQ(2.58%,11.18%)(P<0.05)。In this study, the effects of thrip feeding stress on secondary metabolites and defense enzymes in the three different thrip-tolerant alfalfa(Medicago sativa) cultivars, such as the thrip-resistant Gannong No. 9, thrip-susceptible Gannong No. 3,and highly thrip-susceptible WL363HQ, were studied at the alfalfa seedling stage. The changes of flavonoids, tannins, lignin and the peroxidase(POD), phenylalanine aminolyase(PAL), polyphenol oxidase(PPO) were compared under the different thrip numbers(0, 4, 5 and 6-thrip per branch) at 5 days of treatments. The results indicated that compared with CK, with the increase of thrip quantities, the content of flavonoid, tannin and lignin in Gannong 9, Gannong 3 and WL363HQ remarkably increased(P<0. 05). In addition, under the 5 and 6-thrips per branch, compared with that in Gannong 3, the tannin contents of Gannong 9 were significantly enhanced by 53. 49% and 47. 70%, respectively, and were significantly higher than that in WL363HQ(71. 52% and 58. 60%)(P<0. 05). The lignin contents of Gannong 9 were significantly greater than Gannong 3 and WL363HQ under 5 and 6-thrips per branch, with an increase of 5. 60%, 3. 50% and 6. 13%,3. 96%, respectively(P<0. 05). Thrip infestation significantly improved the POD and PAL activities, and reduced the PPO activities of the tested alfalfa varieties(P<0. 05). The activities of POD and PAL in Gannong 9 infested by 5-thrips per branch were significantly higher than Gannong 3(2. 60% and 1. 09%, respectively) and WL363HQ(1. 36% and 3. 54%, respectively). Under 6-thrips per branch the POD and PAL activities of Gannong 9 were 5. 19% and 9. 36% higher than Gannong 3, and were significantly increased by 2. 58% and 11. 18% compared with WL363HQ(P<0. 05).

关 键 词：苜蓿 蓟马 次级代谢物 防御酶 

分 类 号：S541.1[农业科学—作物学]