高熔融指数聚乳酸母粒的制备及其熔喷材料的可纺性  

Preparation of high melt index polylactic acid masterbatch and spinnability of its meltblown materials

作　　者：张宇静 陈连节 张思东 张强 黄瑞杰 叶翔宇 汪伦合 宣晓雅 于斌[1] 朱斐超 ZHANG Yujing;CHEN Lianjie;ZHANG Sidong;ZHANG Qiang;HUANG Ruijie;YE Xiangyu;WANG Lunhe;XUAN Xiaoya;YU Bin;ZHU Feichao(College of Textile Science and Engineering(International Institute of Silk),Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310018,China;Zhejiang Longterm Medical Technology Co.,Ltd.,Huzhou,Zhejiang 313000,China;Jiangsu Nature Arts Biomaterials Co.,Ltd.,Wuxi,Jiangsu 214000,China;China General Nuclear(CGN)Juner New Materials Co.,Ltd.,Wenzhou,Zhejiang 325000,China;Zhejiang Light Industrial Products Inspection and Research Institute,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310018,China;Zhejiang Hisun Biomaterials Co.,Ltd.,Taizhou,Zhejiang 318000,China;Goldensea Environment Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shaoxing,Zhejiang 311800,China;Shaoxing Eco Textile Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shaoxing,Zhejiang 311800,China;Huzhou Research Institute of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Huzhou,Zhejiang 313000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学纺织科学与工程学院(国际丝绸学院),浙江杭州310018 [2]浙江隆腾医用新材料有限公司,浙江湖州313000 [3]江苏祯玉生物材料有限公司,江苏无锡214000 [4]中广核俊尔新材料有限公司,浙江温州325000 [5]浙江省轻工业品质量检验研究院,浙江杭州310018 [6]浙江海正生物材料有限公司,浙江台州318000 [7]浙江金海高科股份有限公司,浙江绍兴311800 [8]绍兴宜可纺织科技有限公司,浙江绍兴311800 [9]浙江理工大学湖州研究院有限公司,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《纺织学报》2023年第2期55-62,共8页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52203050);浙江省自然科学基金项目(LQ21E030013)。

摘　　要：为制备综合性能优异的聚乳酸(PLA)熔喷非织造材料,探究不同熔融指数PLA母粒对其熔喷可纺性的影响。以纺丝级PLA为原料,采用催化降解法分别设计制备了熔融指数为200、400、600、1000、1400 g/(10 min)的PLA母粒,对其分子质量及其分布、流变性能、结晶性能以及热稳定性进行研究;然后进一步制备不同熔融指数的PLA熔喷材料,分析其形貌结构、纤维直径、力学性能。结果表明:随着熔融指数的升高,PLA熔喷母粒的重均分子量从75566 g/mol降低到29857 g/mol,分子质量分布变宽,而玻璃化转变温度、热结晶性能及热稳定性无明显变化;随着熔融指数的升高,熔喷纤维的直径逐渐减小,纤维直径为0.5~7μm,且熔喷材料的纵、横向断裂强度显著降低;当PLA熔喷母粒的熔融指数在400~600 g/(10 min)之间时,熔喷材料的可纺性和力学性能最佳。Objective Meltblown polymer raw materials often require a relatively high melt index(MI),due to the fact that the polymer melt is extruded from the spinneret hole and then immediately subjected to high temperature and high speed airflow for rapid fiber formation.The melt flow must match its fiber formation speed,too high and too low MI will lead to the formation of melt droplets,seriously affecting the fiber formation process.In order to investigate the effect of different high melt index of polylactic acid(PLA)masterbatches on their meltblown spinnability,the preparation of PLA meltblown nonwoven materials for overall performance improvement was investigated.Method PLA masterbatches with melt indexes of 200,400,600,1000 and 1400 g/(10 min)were designed and prepared by catalytic degradation method using spinning grade PLA as raw material,and their capillary rheological properties,molecular weight and its distribution,thermal-crystallization properties and thermal stability were investigated.Further,PLA meltblown materials with different melt indexes were prepared and their morphological structure,fiber diameter and mechanical properties were investigated.Results The melt of PLA meltblown masterbatch is typically"tangential thinning",which is characterized by a decrease in shear viscosity with increasing shear rate.The lower the melt index,the more significant the change in shear viscosity with shear rate,as shown in Fig.2.No significant differences were found in glass transition temperature and melting point for PLA masterbatches with different melt indexes,and a significant cold crystallization peak appeared in the secondary temperature rise curves for MI=600,1000 and 1400 g/(10 min),as is shown in Fig.4 and Tab.2.It was also found that the crystallinity of the melt decreases as the MI increases.The higher the MI,the lower the molecular weight and the wider the molecular weight distribution(as shown in Fig.3 and Tab.1),which manifests itself in lower mechanical properties.The meltblown fiber with MI=400 and 600

关 键 词：聚乳酸 熔喷技术 非织造材料 熔体流动速率 熔融指数 流变性能 

分 类 号：TS176[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]