2022年夏季中国气候特征及主要天气气候事件  

Climate characteristics and major meteorological events in China during the summer of 2022

作　　者：李莹[1] 叶殿秀[1] 高歌[1] 梅梅[1] 王有民[1] 王国复[1] 王凌[1] 崔童[1] LI Ying;YE Dianxiu;GAO Ge;MEI Mei;WANG Youmin;WANG Guofu;WANG Ling(CUI Tong National Climate Center,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]国家气候中心,北京100081

出　　处：《大气科学学报》2023年第1期110-118,共9页Transactions of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1510205,2018YFC1509007);中国气象局决策气象服务专项((JCZX2022021));中国长江三峡集团有限公司项目(0704182)。

摘　　要：2022年夏季,中国气候总体呈现暖干特征。全国平均气温22.3℃,较常年同期偏高1.1℃,为1961年以来历史同期最高;全国平均降水量290.6 mm,较常年同期偏少12.3%,为1961年以来历史同期第2少。季内主要天气气候事件有:中国中东部地区出现1961年以来综合强度最强的高温过程,此次高温事件持续79 d,江南大部、江淮西部、江汉、四川盆地东部等地高温日数较常年同期偏多20 d以上,对电力供应和人体健康等产生不利影响;长江中下游及川渝地区出现严重夏伏旱,范围广、强度大,高温干旱叠加给农业生产、水资源、能源供保、长江通航能力等多方面带来不利影响;全国共发生19次区域性暴雨过程,珠江流域、松辽流域出现阶段性汛情;台风生成、登陆个数均较常年同期偏少,初台“暹芭”登陆强度强,对华南及江西等地造成一定经济损失,但对缓解华南高温和干旱有利。Based on the meteorological observation data from more than 2400 ground stations in China from 1961 to2022,the basic climatic characteristics and major meteorological events over China during the the summer of 2022are summarized.The climate in China during the summer of 2022 has been generally warm and dry,with the hottest summer on record occurring since 1961 by a margin of more than 1.1℃.It has also been the second-driest summer on record,and the total precipitation in summer over China has been 290.6 mm,12.3%less than normal,with most of the southern half of China(apart from Guangdong Province)having seasonal rainfall 20%to50%below average.China has had the most extensive and long-lasting high temperature event since 1961 extending from mid-June to the end of August.The heat is particularly severe in the Yangtze River Basin,which is also experiencing its driest summer on record.The compound of high temperature and drought has had a negative impact on agricultural,water resources,energy supply and the navigability of the Yangtze River.There were 19 regional rainstorm events across the country,and flooding occurs in the Pearl River Basin and the Songliao River Basin.There are abnormally fewer typhoons generating and making landfall in summer.The typhoon Chaba,which is the first typhoon to make landfall in China this year,has had a huge impact and strong intensity.

关 键 词：气候特征 天气气候事件 高温 夏季 中国 

分 类 号：P466[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]