溲疏属4种植物花芽分化观察  

Flower bud differentiation of four species of Deutzia

作　　者：汪琦 徐珂 陈庭巧 解梦雨 刘秀丽 李进宇 袁涛 Wang Qi;Xu Ke;Chen Ting-Qiao;Xie Meng-Yu;Liu Xiu-Li;Li Jin-Yu;Yuan Tao(Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation&Molecular Breeding,National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture,Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment,Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education,Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education,School of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Academy of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Beijing 100102,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院,花卉种质创新与分子育种北京市重点实验室,国家花卉工程技术研究中心,城乡生态环境北京实验室,园林环境教育部工程研究中心,林木花卉遗传育种教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [2]北京市园林绿化科学研究院,北京100102

出　　处：《植物科学学报》2023年第1期7-16,共10页Plant Science Journal

基　　金：北京林业大学建设世界一流学科和特色发展引导专项(2019XKJS0324)。

摘　　要：本文观察测量了北京地区生长的大花溲疏(Deutzia grandiflora Bunge)、小花溲疏(D. parviflora Bunge)、溲疏(D. scabra Thunb.)和长江溲疏(D. schneideriana Rehd.)的花芽分化过程、花芽分化外部形态和花芽着生位置。4种溲疏的花芽主要为顶芽和侧芽,分化类型为夏秋分化型,花芽分化过程分为7个时期:未分化期、分化初期、花序原基分化期、萼片原基分化期、花瓣原基分化期、雄蕊原基分化期、雌蕊原基分化期。各轮花器官均为向心式发生,发育方式有两类,溲疏和长江溲疏为向心式发育,大花溲疏和小花溲疏花瓣发育先于花萼。花芽统计结果揭示了溲疏属植物开花繁茂的原因是其芽数量大、花芽分化率高以及小花数量多,芽的纵径结合季节可较准确地反映花芽分化所处阶段,花器官发育方式支持溲疏和长江溲疏亲缘关系较近。We studied the differentiation process, internal and external morphological changes, and growth positions of flower buds of Deutzia grandiflora Bunge, D. parviflora Bunge, D. scabra Thunb., and D. Schneideriana Rehd. in Beijing by paraffin sectioning and photo measurement. We found that the flower buds of the four species were mainly crown buds and side buds, with summer and autumn differentiation types. Flower bud differentiation was divided into seven periods: undifferentiated, initial differentiation, inflorescence primordial differentiation, flower primordium differentiation, petal primordium differentiation, stamen primordium differentiation, and pistil primordium differentiation periods. The flower organs of each whorl were centripetal,with two types of developmental patterns. Notably, D. scabra and D. Schneideriana were centripetal, while the petals of D. grandiflora and D. parviflora developed earlier than their sepals. Results showed that Deutzia species flourish due to the presence of many buds, high differentiation rate of flower buds, and large number of florets. The longitudinal diameter of flower buds combined with the season accurately reflected the flower bud differentiation period. The pattern of flower organ development supported a close relationship between D.scabra and D. Schneideriana.

关 键 词：溲疏属 花芽分化 花芽形态 石蜡切片 

分 类 号：Q944[生物学—植物学]