横断山高山冰缘带5种黄耆属植物的核型分析  

Karyotype of five Astragalus species from the alpine subnival belt in the Hengduan Mountains

作　　者：张婕妤 张子琦 周薇 孙文光[1,2] 李志敏 Zhang Jie-Yu;Zhang Zi-Qi;Zhou Wei;Sun Wen-Guang;Li Zhi-Min(School of Life Science,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500;Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy,Ministry of Education,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学生命科学学院,昆明650500 [2]云南师范大学生物能源持续开发利用教育部工程研究中心,昆明650500

出　　处：《植物科学学报》2023年第1期63-69,共7页Plant Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31960046);国家基金-云南省联合基金重点项目(U1802232);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK0502);云南省基本研究专项-青年项目(202201AU070057)。

摘　　要：通过常规植物染色压片法对采自横断山高山冰缘带地区豆科黄耆属(Astragalus)5种植物进行了染色体数目及核型分析。结果显示:川西黄耆(A. craibianus Simps.)、无茎黄耆(A. acaulis Baker)、梭果黄耆(A. ernestii Comb.)、东俄洛黄耆(A. tongolensis Ulbr.)为二倍体,窄翼黄耆(A. degensis Ulbr.)为四倍体,所有物种的染色体基数均为x=8;川西黄耆的染色体核型公式为2n=2x=16=6sm+10m,为2A型,无茎黄耆的染色体核型公式为2n=2x=16=2sm+14m,为2A型,梭果黄耆的染色体核型公式为2n=2x=16=2sm+14m,为2A型,窄翼黄耆的染色体核型公式为2n=4x=32=4sm+28m,为1A型,东俄洛黄耆的染色体核型公式为2n=2x=16=2st+2sm+12m,为2A型。已报道横断山的黄耆属物种均为二倍体,而本研究首次发现了四倍体种,研究结果补充了横断山高山地区黄耆属植物染色体的基础资料,同时为该区域的植物系统分类及属内植物进化研究提供了细胞分类学上的参考。The chromosome numbers and karyotypes of five species of Astragalus(Fabaceae) collected from the alpine subnival belt in the Hengduan Mountains were determined. All species were analyzed by conventional staining and pressing methods. The karyotype formulae of the five species are reported for the first time.Results showed that: A. craibianus Simps., A. acaulis Baker, A. ernestii Comb., A. tongolensis Ulbr. were diploid, while A. degensis Ulbr. was tetraploid. The chromosome base number for all studied species was x =8. The karyotype formula of A. craibianus was 2n = 2x = 16 = 6sm + 10m, 2A. The karyotype formula of A.acaulis was 2n = 2x = 16 = 2sm + 14m, 2A. The karyotype formula of A. ernestii was 2n = 2x = 16 = 2sm +14m, 2A. The karyotype formula of A. degensis was 2n = 4x = 32 = 4sm + 28m, 1A. The karyotype formula of A. tongolensis was 2n = 2x = 16 = 2st + 2sm + 12m, 2A. All species of Astragalus in the Hengduan Mountains were previously reported to be diploid, but this study discovered a tetraploid species for the first time. These results not only expand basic information on the chromosomes of legumes in the alpine subnival belt of the Hengduan Mountains, but also provide a cytological reference for the study of plant phylogeny and evolution of plants within Astragalus in this region.

关 键 词：横断山 黄耆属 染色体数目 核型分析 

分 类 号：Q949.751.9[生物学—植物学]