蓝桉叶片累积桉叶油和桉叶素的规律研究  

Study on the accumulation of eucalyptus oil and 1, 8-cineole in the leaves of Eucalyptus globulus Labill.

作　　者：李艳 王晓丽 李妹 唐君培 许玉兰 杜官本 曹子林[2] Li Yan;Wang Xiao-Li;Li Mei;Tang Jun-Pei;Xu Yu-Lan;Du Guan-Ben;Cao Zi-Lin(College of Forestry,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;College of Ecology and Environment,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学林学院,昆明650224 [2]西南林业大学生态与环境学院,昆明650224

出　　处：《植物科学学报》2023年第1期79-88,共10页Plant Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32260385);云南省种子种业联合实验室项目(202205AR070001-18);云南省教育厅科学研究基金(2021Y247);西南林业大学科研启动基金(112005)。

摘　　要：为探明蓝桉(Eucalyptus globulus Labill.)叶片在不同发育阶段和季节累积桉叶油和桉叶素的规律,本研究在一个完整的年生长周期内,每月从相同立地条件下生长的3株蓝桉上分别采集4种不同发育阶段的叶片,测定其桉叶油和桉叶素的含量。结果显示,叶片含油率和桉叶素相对含量在不同生长发育阶段间均存在显著差异,镰状披针形正常叶(L)含油率最高,茎尖及未木质化茎段上阔而无柄的幼态叶(N)的桉叶素相对含量最低,L阶段叶片是提取桉叶油和桉叶素的适宜采叶类型;叶片含油率和桉叶素相对含量在月份间均存在显著差异,7-10月份是提取桉叶油和桉叶素的适宜采叶时期;含油率和桉叶素相对含量均与土壤含水量呈极显著正相关,后者为蓝桉田间高效栽培管理的调控因子,建议将其控制在16.1%~26.1%。Over a complete annual growth cycle, leaves at four different growth and development stages were collected each month from three Eucalyptus globulus Labill. sample plants grown under the same site conditions. Eucalyptus oil was extracted from the leaves by steam distillation and relative content of 1,8-cineole was measured and calculated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) to explore the accumulation of eucalyptus oil and 1,8-cineole in leaves with progressing growth and alternation of leaf harvesting season in the natural state, which may guide efficient cultivation and harvest management of economically valuable E.globulus forests. Results showed that oil and 1,8-cineole content differed significantly in leaves at different growth and development stages. Oil content in falcate lanceolate normal leaves(L) was significantly higher than that in leaves at the other three growth stages. The relative content of 1,8-cineole was significantly lower in broad and sessile young leaves(N) on the shoot tips and non-lignified stem segments than in leaves at the other three growth stages. The L stage leaves were a suitable leaf type for extracting eucalyptus oil and 1,8-cineole. Leaf oil content and relative 1,8-cineole content were significantly different between different sampling months. July to October was a suitable leaf harvesting period for the extraction of eucalyptus oil and 1,8-cineole. Oil content and relative 1,8-cineole content were significantly positively correlated with soil water content. Thus, soil water content may be a regulatory factor for efficient field cultivation and management and should be controlled at 16.1% – 26.1%.

关 键 词：蓝桉 桉叶油 1 8-桉叶素 叶片成熟度 采样时间 

分 类 号：Q946[生物学—植物学]