铜冶炼PS转炉风口区镁铬砖侵蚀机理的探究  

Erosion Mechanism of Magnesia-Chrome Brick in Tuyere Area of Peirce Smith Converter for Copper Smelting

作　　者：许名湘 杨辉 董跃 田静 李晓恒 高强文 岳宏鹏 XU Mingxiang;YANG Hui;DONG Yue;TIAN Jing;LI Xiaoheng;GAO Qiangwen;YUE Hongpeng(He'nan Zhongyuan Gold Smelter Co.,Ltd.,Sanmenxia 472000,China;China Copper Southeast Copper Co.,Ltd.,Ningde 352000,China;Zhengzhou Huite Refractories Group Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 452370,China)

机构地区：[1]河南中原黄金冶炼厂有限责任公司,河南三门峡472000 [2]中铜东南铜业有限公司,福建宁德352000 [3]郑州汇特耐火材料有限公司,河南郑州452370

出　　处：《铜业工程》2023年第1期167-171,共5页Copper Engineering

摘　　要：为提高铜冶炼PS转炉风口区镁铬质耐火砖的使用寿命,对PS转炉风口区的镁铬残砖进行理化性能分析、化学成分分析和显微形貌分析,探究铜锍、粗铜和炉渣对镁铬砖的侵蚀机理,得出以下结论:铜锍和粗铜在以开口气孔、晶界及微裂纹为主要途径的渗透过程中造成镁铬砖的侵蚀,而炉内SO_(2)/SO_(3)气氛引起的结构疏松以及生产中因热震形成的裂纹,又加剧了铜锍和粗铜的继续渗透,从而引起镁铬砖的结构剥落和热剥落,这是导致风口区镁铬砖损坏的主要原因;炉渣渗透到镁铬砖后,与方镁石固溶体发生化学反应,导致方镁石溶解于硅铁系炉渣中,而镁铬砖中的铬精矿具有良好的抗渣性。因此,一方面,在选择耐火材料时应综合考虑其化学成分、结构致密性和抗热震性;另一方面,在实际生产中应通过均衡生产减少因温度剧烈波动而造成的热震作用,改变炉渣成分以减弱炉渣与耐火砖中方镁石的反应。In order to improve the service life of magnesia-chrome firebrick in the tuyere area of PS converter, the magnesia-chrome residual brick in the tuyere area of PS converter was used as the research object, and the erosion mechanism of matte, blister copper and slag on magnesia chrome brick was investigated by means of physical and chemical properties analysis, chemical composition analysis and scanning electron microscope. The following conclusions were drawn: the penetration of matte and blister copper mainly through pores, grain boundaries and microcracks caused the erosion of magnesium-chrome bricks. The structural porosity caused by SO_(2)/SO_(3) atmosphere in the furnace and the cracks caused by thermal shock in production intensified the continuous penetration of matte and blister copper, which caused structural spalling and thermal spalling of magnesium-chrome bricks. This is the main cause of magnesium-chrome brick damage in tuyere area. After the slag penetrates into the magnesium-chrome brick, it reacts with the solid solution of periclase, resulting in the dissolution of periclase in the ferrosilicon slag, and the chromium concentrate in magnesiumchrome brick has good slag resistance. Therefore, on the one hand, the chemical composition, structure density and thermal shock resistance should be considered in the selection of refractory materials. On the other hand, in the actual production, the thermal shock effect caused by the drastic temperature fluctuations should be reduced by the balanced production, and the slag composition should be changed to weaken the reaction between slag and periclase in refractory brick.

关 键 词：PS转炉 风口区 镁铬砖 侵蚀机理 

分 类 号：TF811[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]