中国南亚热带和北温带地区禾本科C_(3)与C_(4)草本植物花果期差异研究  

Studies on the Difference of Flowering and Fruity Period Between C_(3) and C_(4) Herbaceous Plants of Poaceae in South Subtropical and North Temperate Climatic Zones of China

作　　者：张浩萍 宋柱秋[1,2,6] 叶楠 陈新兰 练琚愉[1,2,3,4] 刘慧[1,2,3,4] ZHANG Haoping;SONG Zhuqiu;YE Nan;CHEN Xinlan;LIAN Juyu;LIU Hui(South China Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650,China;South China National Botanical Garden,Guangzhou 510650,China;Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystem,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany,Guangzhou 510650,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou),Guangzhou 511458,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650,China;School of Life Science,Gannan Normal University,Ganzhou 341000,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院华南植物园,广州510650 [2]华南国家植物园,广州510650 [3]中国科学院退化生态系统植被恢复与管理重点实验室,广东省应用植物学重点实验室,广州510650 [4]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州),广州511458 [5]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [6]中国科学院植物资源保护与可持续利用重点实验室,广州510650 [7]赣南师范大学生命科学学院,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《热带亚热带植物学报》2023年第1期1-9,共9页Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany

基　　金：南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)人才团队引进重大专项(GML2019ZD0408);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2019339)资助。

摘　　要：为揭示不同地区禾本科C_(3)与C_(4)植物花果期受气候因子的影响,以广东省和内蒙古自治区分别代表南亚热带和北温带地区,从植物志中分别获得两地395和265种禾本科草本植物的3个花果期特征(始花期、末花果期和生殖期长),比较开花物候的差异,并通过一般线性模型探究其与气候因子(年均温与年均降水量)的相关性。结果表明,南亚热带与北温带地区C_(3)植物的始花期均比C_(4)植物早。两地C_(4)共有种在南亚热带地区具有更早的始花期、更晚的末花果期和更长的生殖期,而C_(3)共有种的末花果期在两地无显著差异,但在南亚热带地区始花期更早,生殖期更长。随年均温升高,北温带地区禾本科植物的始花期提前,而南亚热带地区则延后;随年均降水量升高,两地禾本科植物始花期与末花果期均延迟;禾本科植物生殖期长与年均温和年均降水量均不存在相关性。跨地区分析表明,末花果期、生殖期长与年均温和年均降水量均正相关,而与始花期不相关。禾本科C_(3)植物比C_(4)植物对地区间气候差异响应更敏感是两地共有种始花期差异显著的原因,而共有种生殖期长的显著差异则是由C_(4)植物末花果期结束较晚驱动的,其末花果期对地区间气候差异更敏感。这阐明了禾本科植物生殖物候差异的原因,以及禾本科植物花果期对不同气候区温度、降水的适应策略。Reproductive phenology is a key indicator of plant individual reproduction and population succession.to reveal the influence of climate factors on the flowering and fruity period of C_(3)and C_(4)plants of Poaceae in different regions, Guangdong Province and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region represent the south subtropical and north temperate climatic zones of China, and three reproductive phenological traits of 395 and 265 herbaceous species of Poaceae were obtained based on floras, respectively. The differences in initial flowering time, final flowering time and flowering duration between the two regions were compared, and the correlations between phenological traits and climatic variables(mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation) were studied. The results showed that the start flowering stage of C_(3)grasses in two regions was earlier than that of C_(4)grasses. The C_(4) common species of two zones had earlier initial flowering time, later final flowering time and longer reproductive period in south subtropical zone, while there was no significant difference in final flowering of C_(3)common species, but the initial flowering stage was earlier and the reproductive period was longer in the south subtropical region. With the increase of annual temperature, the initial flowering time in north temperate region was advanced, but it was delayed in south subtropical region. With the increase of annual precipitation, the initial flowering time and final flowering time were delayed, and the reproductive period had no relation with neither mean annual temperature nor mean annual precipitation. The cross-regional analysis showed that the final flowering time and reproductive period were positively correlated with the mean annual temperature and annual precipitation, but did not the initial flower time. The significant difference in initial flowering time of common species was caused by higher sensitivity of C_(3)grasses to climatic difference between two zones than C_(4)grasses.The significant difference in r

关 键 词：禾本科 光合类型 气候因子 生殖物候 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]