不同年限黄芩根结构及黄酮类物质变化特征研究  

Changes in root structure and flavonoids of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi in different years

作　　者：魏瑶 王娟 张岗 彭亮 颜永刚 陈莹 WEI Yao;WANG Juan;ZHANG Gang;PENG Liang;YAN Yong-gang;CHEN Ying(College of Pharmacy,Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Shaanxi Qinling Application Development and Engineering Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine,Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine/Key Laboratory for Research and Development of‘‘Qin Medicine’’of Shaanxi Bureau of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Xianyang Shaanxi 712046)

机构地区：[1]陕西中医药大学药学院/陕西省秦岭中草药应用开发工程技术研究中心/陕西中医药大学陕西省中医药管理局“秦药”研发重点实验室,陕西咸阳712046

出　　处：《中南药学》2023年第1期116-122,共7页Central South Pharmacy

基　　金：陕西中医药大学校级科研课题(研究生创新项目)一般项目(No.2021CX23);陕西中医药大学校级科研课题(国家基金培育项目)一般项目(No.2021GP26);陕西中医药大学“秦药”品质评价与资源开发学科创新团队项目(No.2019-QN01);陕西省科技厅项目(No.2016KTTSSF01-01-01)。

摘　　要：目的建立快速鉴定黄芩生长轮数目的方法,探明其黄酮类物质的含量变化特征,为中药黄芩质量控制奠定基础。方法采用石蜡切片法、徒手切片法对1~3年生黄芩根中的生长轮现象观察研究,高效液相色谱法对2~4年黄芩根中不同组织部位7种黄酮类成分黄芩苷、野黄芩苷、汉黄芩苷、黄芩素、汉黄芩素、白杨素、千层纸素A进行含量测定。结果不同年限黄芩根、同一年限黄芩主根从上至下生长轮数目与黄芩实际种植年限一致;枯芩的年限鉴别中,由于上部有木间木栓,可以取根中部或下部的材料。4种黄酮类成分黄芩素、汉黄芩素、白杨素、千层纸素A的含量随年限的延长而增加,7种黄酮类成分的总含量为4年生>2年生>3年生。结论徒手切片法结合间苯三酚-浓盐酸染色简单、快速,可用于实际生产中黄芩实际生长年限的鉴别,其木间木栓的形成对根中黄酮类物质的积累具有一定的影响,4年生黄芩的木间木栓中含有丰富的黄酮类物质,在使用过程中建议保留使用。Objective To identify the number of growth rings of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi by observing the growth rings in different years,find out the changes in characteristics of flavonoids content,and lay a foundation for the quality evaluation of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi.Methods The growth rings of 1~3years old Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi root were observed by paraffin section and freehand section.The content of 7 flavonoids(baicalin,scutellarin,baicalein,wogonoside,wogonin,chrysin and melaleuca A)in different tissues of 2~4 years old Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi was determined by HPLC.Results The main root and number of growth rings from top to bottom of the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi in different years were consistent with the actual planting years of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi.In the identification of the age of pith-decayed Scutellaria baicalensis,due to a wooden cork in the upper part,the material in the middle or lower part of the root was taken.The content of 4 flavonoids(baicalein,wogonin,chrysin and myricetin A)increased with the number of years,and the total content of 7 flavonoids were 4 year old>2 year old>3 year old.Conclusion The freehand slicing combined with phloroglucinolconcentrated hydrochloric acid staining is simple and rapid,which can be used to identify the actual growth years of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi.The formation of its interxylarycork affects the accumulation of flavonoids in the root.The interxylarycork of 4 year old Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is rich in flavonoids,and suitable for use.

关 键 词：黄芩 生长轮 子芩 枯芩 

分 类 号：R282[医药卫生—中药学]