生物多样性保护与可持续发展:内在关系及行为准则  

On The Intrinsic Correlation between Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Development

作　　者：钟茂初[1] ZHONG Mao-chu(Institute of Economics,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学经济研究所,天津300071

出　　处：《河北学刊》2023年第2期120-129,共10页Hebei Academic Journal

基　　金：2021年度国家社会科学基金重点项目“推动绿色发展促进人与自然和谐共生的政策取向研究”(21AZD058)。

摘　　要：《生物多样性公约》第十五次缔约方大会达成的《昆明—蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架》及相关文件,将通过“到2030年保护至少30%的全球陆地和海洋”等约束性目标,对全球各主体经济发展中的行为产生深刻影响。生物多样性保护的根本目的是维护地球生态系统的稳定性和持续性,与可持续发展所追求的目标一致。生物多样性保护与可持续发展要求经济发展中应遵循:不可超越生态系统承载力和最低安全标准、重要生态功能区永久禁止开发、生态破坏有效修复、可再生资源可持续利用、防范生态风险、生态友好型生产消费等准则;各关联主体之间则应遵循:分担共同而有区别责任、防范“公有地悲剧”和负外部性等公平准则,并在现实发展中探索落实这些准则的有效机制。The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, adopted at the COP15, will have a profound impact on the economic and social development of all countries through binding targets such as “protecting at least 30% of Earth’s lands and waters by 2030”. The purpose of biodiversity conservation is to maintain the stability and sustainability of the ecosystem, which is consistent with the goals advocated by sustainable development. Therefore, it is required that the actors in economic development should follow the guidelines: ecological carrying capacity and minimum safety standards should not be exceeded, important ecological functional areas should never be developed, ecological damage areas should be effectively restored, sustainable use of renewable resources, prevention of ecological risks, ecological friendly consumption, etc. At the same time, all actors are required to follow such fair principles as sharing common but differentiated responsibilities, preventing “Tragedy of the Commons” and the negative externalities, and seeking effective mechanisms to implement these guidelines in the real development.

关 键 词：生物多样性保护 生态系统稳定性和持续性 可持续发展 

分 类 号：X37[环境科学与工程—环境工程]