产蛋后补充输精及公鸡周龄和品系对种蛋受精率的影响  

Effects of the supplementary insemination after oviposition and the week age and strain of roosters on fertility of setting eggs

作　　者：刘丽丽 曾丹 韩晓飞 张震 吴志广 范翠蝶 高亚辉 LIU Lili;ZENG Dan;HAN Xiaofei;ZHANG Zhen;WU Zhiguang;FAN Cuidie;GAO Yahui(School of Life Science and Food Engineering,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,China;Huayu Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.,Handan 057153.China;Hebei Rongde Poultry Breeding Co.,Ltd.,Hengshui 053000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学生命科学与食品工程学院,河北邯郸056038 [2]华裕农业科技有限公司,河北邯郸057153 [3]河北容德家禽育种有限公司,河北衡水053000

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2023年第4期45-49,共5页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金项目(C2020402034);河北省重点研发计划项目(20326618D;20326342D)。

摘　　要：为了进一步提高人工授精模式下种蛋受精率,笔者进行了如下试验:1)观察了02:00—18:00提前光照制度下800只48周龄海兰灰父母代母鸡产蛋时间规律,分别统计了产蛋后补充输精前后全栋47874只海兰灰母鸡各16批种蛋受精率;2)分别使用26,58周龄海兰灰公鸡精液对58周龄海兰灰母鸡进行人工输精,随机选择合格种蛋各180枚(每周龄3个重复,每个重复60枚),入孵7 d后统计种蛋受精率、早期胚胎死亡率、活胚率;3)随机选择海兰灰和海兰褐父母代母鸡各134,195只、公鸡各20只,比较海兰灰和海兰褐父母代母鸡种蛋受精率和公鸡精液质量,然后使用海兰褐和海兰灰父母代公鸡混合精液进行配套系间交叉人工输精,连续收集种蛋3 d,入孵5 d后统计种蛋受精率、早期胚胎死亡率、活胚率。结果表明:48周龄海兰灰父母代母鸡在05:00—07:00时产蛋率较高,08:30时累计产蛋率达90%;产蛋后补充输精母鸡的种蛋数量多于产蛋后未补充输精母鸡,且平均种蛋受精率增加了0.56%(P<0.05);58周龄公鸡精液人工输精后母鸡所产种蛋的活胚率较26周龄公鸡精液提高了16.06%(P<0.01),而两种周龄公鸡精液人工输精后母鸡所产种蛋受精率和早期胚胎死亡率差异不显著(P>0.05);海兰褐和海兰灰种母鸡交叉输精后的种蛋受精率、早期胚胎死亡率和活胚率均差异不显著(P>0.05);交叉输精后海兰灰和海兰褐母鸡的种蛋受精率分别为95.79%和96.00%,较交叉输精前(88.33%和93.66%)分别提高了8.45%和2.50%。说明产蛋后补充输精和不同品系公鸡对种蛋受精率有重要影响,人工授精模式产蛋后期不建议更换青年公鸡。To further improve the fertility of setting eggs in artificial insemination program,the author conducted the following experiments.Test 1:The oviposition period of 80048-week-old Hy-line gray parental hens was observed under the early illumination system of 02:00 a.m—18:00 p.m,and the fertility of setting eggs of 16 batches of eggs from 47,874 Hy-line gray parental hens was recorded before and after adopting supplementary insemination after oviposition,respectively.Test 2:The semen from 26 and 58-week-old roosters were given to 58-week-old hens by artificial insemination.A total of 180 qualified eggs were randomly selected per group,with 3 replicates in each group and 60 eggs in each replicate,and the fertility of setting eggs,early embryo mortality rate and viable embryo rate were calculated from 7 days after incubation.Test 3:A total of 20 roosters and 134,195 hens were randomly selected from Hy-line gray and Hy-line brown parents,respectively.The mixed semen of Hy-line brown and Hy-line gray parental roosters was used for cross artificial insemination between mating lines,and seed eggs were collected continuously for 3 days.The fertility of setting eggs,early embryo mortality rate and viable embryorate rate were counted from 5 days after incubation.The results showed that the egg laying rate of 48 week-old Hy-line grey parental hens was higher at 05:00 a.m—07:00 a.m,and the cumulative egg laying rate reached 90%at 08:30 a.m.The number of breeding eggs of hens supplemented with insemination after laying was more than that of hens not supplemented with insemination after laying,and average fertility of setting eggs was increased by 0.56%(P<0.05).The viable embryo rate of setting egg produced by hens after artificial insemination of 58-week-old rooster semen was higher than that of 26-week-old rooster semen(16.06%,P<0.01),but there was no significant difference in the semen fertility of setting eggs and early embryo mortality rate between the two groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in fertility

关 键 词：人工授精 受精率 周龄 产蛋时间 青年公鸡 

分 类 号：S831.4[农业科学—畜牧学]