新疆野核桃自然保护区不同坡向分枝成株野核桃种群结构与动态  

Population structure and quantitative dynamics of Juglans regia individuals generating from branches in different slope directions in Wild Walnut Natural Conservation Area in Xinjiang, China

作　　者：魏海英 黎一阳 尚天翠 张维 WEI Hai-ying;LI Yi-yang;SHANG Tian-cui;ZHANG Wei(School of Biology and Geography,Yili Normal University,Institute of Resources and Ecology,Yili Normal University,Yining 835000,Xinjiang,China;Kekedala Vocational and Technical Collage of the 4th Division,Yining 835000,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]伊犁师范大学生物与地理科学学院,伊犁师范大学资源与生态研究所,新疆伊宁835000 [2]第四师可克达拉职业技术学校,新疆伊宁835000

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2023年第2期266-273,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31560095,31160072);伊犁师范大学科研创新项目资助。

摘　　要：新疆野核桃(Juglans regia)系国家Ⅱ级渐危物种,其主干倒伏或死亡后,若干分枝可形成主干并生长至成龄树。为了解分枝成株野核桃的种群结构与动态,采用普查法对新疆野核桃自然保护区分枝成株种群进行调查,利用空间代替时间方法及匀滑技术建立分枝成株野核桃种群的年龄结构、静态生命表,得到年龄结构动态指数,绘制种群存活曲线、死亡曲线、消失曲线、生存函数曲线,进而获得分枝成株野核桃种群年龄结构与动态趋势。结果表明:1)4个坡向分枝成株野核桃种群数量变化动态指数V_(pi)和V_(pi)′均大于0,种群年龄结构呈增长型,存活曲线属Deevey-Ⅱ型;2)不同坡向2龄级个体数远大于1龄级,1龄级分枝成株野核桃比2龄级更难通过环境筛;3)阴坡种群增长最高,半阳坡种群稳定性最好、种群抗干扰能力最强,阳坡种群稳定性最差,种群抗干扰能力最低;4)生存函数分析显示,阳坡种群早期稳定,中期脆弱,而半阳坡、阴坡、半阴坡种群早期脆弱,中晚期稳定。Juglans regia is a national class II endangered species in China. Some branches of J. regia can grow to mature trees after the trunk lies down or dies. To understand population structure and dynamics of J. regia individuals generating from branches, a census method was carried out on individuals generating from J. regia branches in the Wild Walnut Nature Reserve in Xinjiang, China. The age structure and static life table of J. regia population were established using the method of spatial sequence instead of time and smoothing technique, and the dynamic index of age structure was obtained. We drew population survival curve, mortality curve, disappearance curve, and survival function curve, and analyzed the age structure and dynamic trend of individuals generating from branches. The results showed that:(1) In four slope directions, the age structure dynamic indices(V_(pi) and V_(pi)′) were greater than 0, the age structure of J. regia was the growing type, and survival curve tended to Deevey-Ⅱ type;(2) In different slope directions, the abundance of individuals of 2nd age class was much higher than that of 1st age class, indicating higher difficulty for individuals of 1st age class to pass through environmental filter than individuals of 2nd age class;(3) Among the four populations, the shady slope population showed the highest growth, the semi-sunny slope population showed the highest stability and anti-interference ability, while the sunny slope population showed the lowest stability and anti-interference ability;(4) The results of survival function analysis showed that the J. regia population in sunny slope was stable in early life history and fragile in middle-aged stage, while the populations in semi-sunny, shady, and semi-shady slopes were fragile in early life history and stable in middle aged and late life stages.

关 键 词：野核桃 年龄结构 数量动态 生存分析 坡向 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]