2000—2019年石羊河流域植被总初级生产力变化及其气候特征  

Spatial-temporal variations of gross primary productivity in relation to climate change in Shiyang River basin during 2000-2019

作　　者：王大为[1,2] 周伟 韩涛 李丽丽 罗天旭 李金山 WANG Da-wei;ZHOU Wei;HAN Tao;LI Li-li;LUO Tian-xu;LI Jin-shan(College of Geography and Environmental Science,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Northwest Regional Climate Center,Lanzhou 730020,China;School of Geographical Sciences,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Wuwei Prairie Workstation,Wuwei 733000,Gansu,China;Liangzhou Prairie Workstation,Wuwei 733000,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,兰州730070 [2]兰州区域气候中心,兰州730020 [3]西南大学地理科学学院,重庆400715 [4]北京大学城市与环境学院,北京100871 [5]武威市草原工作站,甘肃武威733000 [6]凉州区草原工作站,甘肃武威733000

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2023年第2期406-414,共9页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家社科基金西部项目(19XMZ104);国家自然科学基金面上项目(32071606);国家自然科学青年基金(41705062);甘肃省科技计划自然科学基金(20JR10RA454);甘肃省气象局研究型业务重点项目(ZD2021-02)资助。

摘　　要：石羊河流域是我国典型的内陆河流域,生态特征敏感脆弱,是了解干旱地区陆地生态系统总初级生产力(gross primary productivity, GPP)对气候变化响应及反馈的典型区域。本研究通过卫星数据和地面观测数据建立光能利用率模型,模拟估算了石羊河流域2000—2019年植被GPP,分析了气候影响下的不同植被类型GPP的空间分布以及年际变化。结果表明:石羊河流域GPP的平均值为256.52 g C·m^(-2);落叶阔叶林、常绿针叶林、灌木林、耕地、草原、湿地和荒漠植被GPP分别为676.38、609.96、144.42、404.49、314.07、75.15和110.21 g C·m^(-2),表现为南部祁连山区的落叶阔叶林GPP最高,北部荒漠区的湿地GPP最低;GPP的变化呈上升趋势,年际变化存在波动,趋势增加的面积为92%,平均速率为6.99 g C·m^(-2)·a^(-1);流域内不同植被类型GPP增加速度从大到小顺序为落叶阔叶林>常绿针叶林>草地>耕地>灌木林>荒漠>湿地;流域内与GPP呈正、负相关且面积最大分别是降水量与蒸发量;天然植被GPP主要受水分因素影响显著,且越靠近干旱地区,水汽压对GPP的影响越强,耕地因人为因素干预,与热量因素相关性更高。Shiyang River basin is a typical inland river basin in China. Its ecological characteristics are sensitive and fragile. It is an ideal area for understanding the responses and feedbacks of gross primary productivity(GPP) to climate change in arid regions. In this study, we developed a light efficiency model using satellite and ground-based data to simulate GPP in Shiyang River basin during 2000-2019, and analyzed the spatial distribution and interannual variation of GPP of different vegetation types under the influence of climate. The results showed that average GPP in Shiyang River basin was 256.52 g C·m^(-2). The GPP of deciduous broadleaved forests, evergreen coni-ferous forests, shrublands, croplands, grasslands, wetlands, and desert was 676.38, 609.96, 144.42, 404.49, 314.07, 75.15, and 110.21 g C·m^(-2), respectively. The GPP of deciduous broadleaved forests in Qilian Mountain was the highest in the southern part of the basin, and that of wetland in desert area was the lowest in the northern part. The GPP across the basin showed a growth rate of 6.99 g C·m^(-2)·a^(-1)with a proportion of 92% for the area of increasing GPP during 2000-2019. The growth rate of GPP of different vegetations was in the order of deciduous broadleaved forests > evergreen coniferous forests > grasslands > croplands > shrublands > desert > wetlands. GPP was positively correlated with precipitation, while negatively correlated with evaporation. The GPP of natural vegetations was mainly affected by water availability, the closer to the arid area, the stronger the effect of water vapor pressure on GPP. Croplands had a high correlation with heat due to human interventions.

关 键 词：总初级生产力 植被类型 气候因子 相关性 石羊河流域 

分 类 号：Q948.112[生物学—植物学]